Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23306006›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2013

A pilot study of rapid whole-genome sequencing for the investigation of a Legionella outbreak.

Sandra Reuter, Timothy G Harrison, Claudio U Köser, Matthew J Ellington, Geoffrey P Smith, Julian Parkhill, Sharon J Peacock, Stephen D Bentley, M Estée Török

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed
12.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Infection prevention in practice · 2026
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  7. Comparison of whole genome sequencing typing tools for the typing of Belgian Legionella pneumophila outbreaks isolates.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  8. Evaluating Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with IR Biotyper as a faster and simpler method for investigating the sources of an outbreak of legionellosis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
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  9. High performanceApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024
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  11. Rapid adaptations ofMicrobial genomics · 2023
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  12. Comparative Genomics ofMicroorganisms · 2023
    Article
  13. Whole-genome sequencing of the clinical isolate ofEuropean clinical respiratory journal · 2023
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Non-IDCases · 2022
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  17. Article
  18. Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Sandra ReuterThe Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
Timothy G Harrison
Claudio U Köser
Matthew J Ellington
Geoffrey P Smith
Julian Parkhill
Sharon J Peacock
Stephen D Bentley
M Estée Török
University of Cambridge · GBCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GBIllumina (United Kingdom) · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G1000803Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesEpidemiological investigations of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks rely on the rapid identification and typing of clinical and environmental Legionella isolates in order to identify and control the source of infection. Rapid bacterial whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is an emerging technology that has the potential to rapidly discriminate outbreak from non-outbreak isolates in a clinically relevant time frame.

methodsWe performed a pilot study to determine the feasibility of using bacterial WGS to differentiate outbreak from non-outbreak isolates collected during an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease. Seven Legionella isolates (three clinical and four environmental) were obtained from the reference laboratory and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge. Bioinformatic analysis was performed blinded to the epidemiological data at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.

resultsWe were able to distinguish outbreak from non-outbreak isolates using bacterial WGS, and to confirm the probable environmental source. Our analysis also highlighted constraints, which were the small number of Legionella pneumophila isolates available for sequencing, and the limited number of published genomes for comparison.

conclusionsWe have demonstrated the feasibility of using rapid WGS to investigate an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease. Future work includes building larger genomic databases of L pneumophila from both clinical and environmental sources, developing automated data interpretation software, and conducting a cost-benefit analysis of WGS versus current typing methods.

Identifiers

PMID23306006
PMCPMC3553392
OpenAlexW2133340476

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.