ArticleRetrovirology2013
Virion stiffness regulates immature HIV-1 entry.
Article in Retrovirology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viruses under mechanical force: Implications and applications.Virus research · 2026Review
- Wrapping of Nano- and Microgels by Lipid-Bilayer Membranes.ACS macro letters · 2025Article
- A monomeric envelope glycoprotein cytoplasmic tail is sufficient for HIV-1 Gag lattice trapping and incorporation.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Altering the mechanical properties of self-assembled filaments through engineering of EspA bacterial protein.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- The conserved HIV-1 spacer peptide 2 triggers matrix lattice maturation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Insights on the Mechanical Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Particles and the Effects of the Photosensitizer Hypericin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Disruption of Transmembrane Phosphatidylserine Asymmetry by HIV-1 Incorporated SERINC5 Is Not Responsible for Virus Restriction.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Mechanical Properties of Viruses.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Maturation of Viruses.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Mathematical model for force and energy of virion-cell interactions during full engulfment in HIV: Impact of virion maturation and host cell morphology.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2023Article
- Mechanical tomography of an archaeal lemon-shaped virus reveals membrane-like fluidity of the capsid and liquid nucleoprotein cargo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Analysis of individual HIV-1 budding event using fast AFM reveals a multiplexed role for VPS4.Biophysical journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Antiviral compounds modulate elasticity, strength and material fatigue of a virus capsid framework.Biophysical journal · 2022Article
- Full scale structural, mechanical and dynamical properties of HIV-1 liposomes.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Maturation of the matrix and viral membrane of HIV-1.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Physics of viral dynamics.Nature reviews. Physics · 2021Review
- AFM-Based Correlative Microscopy Illuminates Human Pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Single-particle virology.Biophysical reviews · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) undergoes a protease-mediated maturation process that is required for its infectivity. Little is known about how the physical properties of viral particles change during maturation and how these changes affect the viral lifecycle. Using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), we previously discovered that HIV undergoes a "stiffness switch", a dramatic reduction in particle stiffness during maturation that is mediated by the viral Envelope (Env) protein.
resultsIn this study, we show that transmembrane-anchored Env cytoplasmic tail (CT) domain is sufficient to regulate the particle stiffness of immature HIV-1. Using this construct expressed in trans with viral Env lacking the CT domain, we show that increasing particle stiffness reduces viral entry activity in immature virions. A similar effect was also observed for immature HIV-1 pseudovirions containing Env from vesicular stomatitis virus.
conclusionsThis linkage between particle stiffness and viral entry activity illustrates a novel level of regulation for viral replication, providing the first evidence for a biological role of virion physical properties and suggesting a new inhibitory strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.