ArticleBlood2013
Eosinophil extracellular DNA trap cell death mediates lytic release of free secretion-competent eosinophil granules in humans.
Article in Blood, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 172 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
172 citing papers in PubMed, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis/Mycosis.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Review
- Article
- Eosinophil biology in COPD: from scientific insight to clinical treatment action.ERJ open research · 2026Review
- A Case Report of Eosinophilic Sialodochitis with Right Submandibular Sialolithiasis and Hyperattenuating Material Along Wharton's Duct.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Review
- Eosinophil Extracellular Traps in Health and Disease: From Host Defense to Chronic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Eosinophil diversity and function: emerging insights into subtypes and therapeutic targets.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Eosinophil Degranulation.Cells · 2026Review
- Eosinophil extracellular traps: heterogeneity of their stimuli, components, and functions.Trends in cell biology · 2026Review
- Activation of donor-derived eosinophils during static storage contributes to primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- A prognostic model for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on eosinophil extracellular trap related genes.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Beyond Eosinophil Depletion: IL-5 as a Context-Dependent Regulator of Airway Immune Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Major Basic Protein Deposition Without Eosinophilic Infiltration in Hypercontractile Esophagus: A Case Report.DEN open · 2026Article
- Review
- Activation and Cell Death of Mouse Eosinophils in Response to Different Microenvironmental Stimuli.Cells · 2026Article
- Biological functions and clinical efficacy of IL-5/IL-5Rα-targeted therapies across eosinophilia-associated diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive insights into the roles of eosinophils in the mucosal immunity of gastrointestinal tract: defenders, destructors, and modulators.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Convergent death programs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: how pyroptotic and ferroptotic crosstalk reshapes therapeutic paradigms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Eosinophil extracellular traps formation is correlated with cancer prognosis by tumor microenvironment remodeling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Eosinophils release their granule proteins extracellularly through exocytosis, piecemeal degranulation, or cytolytic degranulation. Findings in diverse human eosinophilic diseases of intact extracellular eosinophil granules, either free or clustered, indicate that eosinophil cytolysis occurs in vivo, but the mechanisms and consequences of lytic eosinophil degranulation are poorly understood. We demonstrate that activated human eosinophils can undergo extracellular DNA trap cell death (ETosis) that cytolytically releases free eosinophil granules. Eosinophil ETosis (EETosis), in response to immobilized immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA), cytokines with platelet activating factor, calcium ionophore, or phorbol myristate acetate, develops within 120 minutes in a reduced NADP (NADPH) oxidase-dependent manner. Initially, nuclear lobular formation is lost and some granules are released by budding off from the cell as plasma membrane-enveloped clusters. Following nuclear chromatolysis, plasma membrane lysis liberates DNA that forms weblike extracellular DNA nets and releases free intact granules. EETosis-released eosinophil granules, still retaining eosinophil cationic granule proteins, can be activated to secrete when stimulated with CC chemokine ligand 11 (eotaxin-1). Our results indicate that an active NADPH oxidase-dependent mechanism of cytolytic, nonapoptotic eosinophil death initiates nuclear chromatolysis that eventuates in the release of intact secretion-competent granules and the formation of extracellular DNA nets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.