ReviewEndocrine reviews2013
Progesterone action in endometrial cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and breast cancer.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 263 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
263 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 505 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research trends and focus on immunotherapy for endometrial cancer: a comprehensive bibliometric insight and visualization analysis (2012-2024).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The association between endometriosis and risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer: a meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2022Pooled it
- The Effect of Estrogen-Related Genetic Variants on the Development of Uterine Leiomyoma: Meta-analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2022Pooled it
- Adenomyosis as a Risk Factor for Myometrial or Endometrial Neoplasms-Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Association of the PROGINS PgR polymorphism with susceptibility to female reproductive cancer: A meta-analysis of 30 studies.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Progesterone receptor ligands for the treatment of endometriosis: the mechanisms behind therapeutic success and failure.Human reproduction update · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- The Role of Sex Hormone Receptors in the Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Ectocervix: A Review and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emerging signal transduction pathways and the role of bacterial extracellular vesicles linked to the pathogenesis of endometriosis.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- O-GlcNAc modification regulates autophagy and apoptosis in endometriosis.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Eutopic echoes ectopic: organoid-based evidence of shared hormone dysregulation in endometriosis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Article
- Review
- The consequences of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure on physiological processes in the uterus: novel insights and implications.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Saliva Spectral Signature and LINE-1 Methylation in Oral Cells: Impact of Air Pollution in São Paulo State Residents.Scientifica · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for the Prognosis of Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Chinese Cohort Study.Obstetrics and gynecology international · 2026Article
- Current Insights into Endometriosis: Hormonal Management, Clinical Outcomes, and Opportunities for Progress.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Uterine factor infertility-current understanding and limitations.Uterine research · 2026Review
- Identification and functional analysis of Rattus norvegicus Mammary carcinoma susceptibility 1b (Mcs1b) nominated variants.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025Article
- Age, lifestyle, and disease affect ciliary transport in the human fallopian tube.Scientific reports · 2025Article
203 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Progesterone receptor (PR) mediates the actions of the ovarian steroid progesterone, which together with estradiol regulates gonadotropin secretion, prepares the endometrium for implantation, maintains pregnancy, and differentiates breast tissue. Separation of estrogen and progesterone actions in hormone-responsive tissues remains a challenge. Pathologies of the uterus and breast, including endometrial cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and breast cancer, are highly associated with estrogen, considered to be the mitogenic factor. Emerging evidence supports distinct roles of progesterone and its influence on the pathogenesis of these diseases. Progesterone antagonizes estrogen-driven growth in the endometrium, and insufficient progesterone action strikingly increases the risk of endometrial cancer. In endometriosis, eutopic and ectopic tissues do not respond sufficiently to progesterone and are considered to be progesterone-resistant, which contributes to proliferation and survival. In uterine fibroids, progesterone promotes growth by increasing proliferation, cellular hypertrophy, and deposition of extracellular matrix. In normal mammary tissue and breast cancer, progesterone is pro-proliferative and carcinogenic. A key difference between these tissues that could explain the diverse effects of progesterone is the paracrine interactions of PR-expressing stroma and epithelium. Normal endometrium is a mucosa containing large quantities of distinct stromal cells with abundant PR, which influences epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and protects against carcinogenic transformation. In contrast, the primary target cells of progesterone in the breast and fibroids are the mammary epithelial cells and the leiomyoma cells, which lack specifically organized stromal components with significant PR expression. This review provides a unifying perspective for the diverse effects of progesterone across human tissues and diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.