Trial reportPloS one2012
Limited relationship between cervico-vaginal fluid cytokine profiles and cervical shortening in women at high risk of spontaneous preterm birth.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaginal progesterone is as effective as cervical cerclage to prevent preterm birth in women with a singleton gestation, previous spontaneous preterm birth, and a short cervix: updated indirect comparison meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2018Pooled it
- Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Comparing cervical cerclage, pessary and vaginal progesterone for prevention of preterm birth in women with a short cervix (SuPPoRT): A multicentre randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- Effect of Oral ProbioticNutrients · 2020Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of vaginal progesterone in pregnancy.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Trial
- Rationale and design of SuPPoRT: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial to compare three treatments: cervical cerclage, cervical pessary and vaginal progesterone, for the prevention of preterm birth in women who develop a short cervix.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2016Trial
- INSIGHT-2: mechanistic studies into pregnancy complications and their impact on maternal and child health-study protocol.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Article
- Analysis of Vaginal Microbiota Variations in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy and Their Correlation with Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Gestation-dependent increase in cervicovaginal pro-inflammatory cytokines and cervical extracellular matrix proteins is associated with spontaneous preterm delivery within 2 weeks of index assessment in South African women.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Elevated midtrimester maternal plasma cytokines and preterm birth in patients with cerclage.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2022Article
- Antenatal diagnosis of chorioamnionitis: A review of the potential role of fetal and placental imaging.Prenatal diagnosis · 2022Review
- Microbial-driven preterm labour involves crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune response.Nature communications · 2022Observational
- Cervicovaginal microbiota and metabolome predict preterm birth risk in an ethnically diverse cohort.JCI insight · 2021Article
- The pregnancy microbiome and preterm birth.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Cervicovaginal fluid cytokines as predictive markers of preterm birth in symptomatic women.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2020Article
- Repeated Measures of Cervicovaginal Cytokines during Healthy Pregnancy: Understanding "Normal" Inflammation to Inform Future Screening.American journal of perinatology · 2020Article
- Predictive value of cervical cytokine, antimicrobial and microflora levels for pre-term birth in high-risk women.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Block of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Prevents Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth in a Mouse Model for Parturition.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2019Article
- Mid-gestational changes in cervicovaginal fluid cytokine levels in asymptomatic pregnant women are predictive markers of inflammation-associated spontaneous preterm birth.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the relationship between high vaginal pro-inflammatory cytokines and cervical shortening in women at high risk of spontaneous preterm labor and to assess the influence of cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone on this relationship.
methodsThis prospective longitudinal observational study assessed 112 women with at least one previous preterm delivery between 16 and 34 weeks' gestation. Transvaginal cervical length was measured and cervico-vaginal fluid sampled every two weeks until 28 weeks. If the cervix shortened (<25 mm) before 24 weeks' gestation, women (cases) were randomly assigned to cerclage or progesterone and sampled weekly. Cytokine concentrations were measured in a subset of cervico-vaginal fluid samples (n = 477 from 78 women) by 11-plex fluid-phase immunoassay.
resultsAll 11 inflammatory cytokines investigated were detected in cervico-vaginal fluid from women at high risk of preterm birth, irrespective of later cervical shortening. At less than 24 weeks' gestation and prior to intervention, women destined to develop a short cervix (n = 36) exhibited higher cervico-vaginal concentrations than controls (n = 42) of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [(GM-CSF) 16.2 fold increase, confidence interval (CI) 1.8-147; p = 0.01] and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [(MCP-1) 4.8, CI 1.0-23.0; p = 0.05]. Other cytokines were similar between cases and controls. Progesterone treatment did not suppress cytokine concentrations. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon (IFN)-γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations were higher following randomization to cerclage versus progesterone (p<0.05). Cerclage, but not progesterone treatment, was followed by a significant increase in cervical length [mean 11.4 mm, CI 5.0-17.7; p<0.001].
conclusionsAlthough GM-CSF and MCP-1 cervico-vaginal fluid concentrations were raised, the majority of cervico-vaginal cytokines did not increase in association with cervical shortening. Progesterone treatment showed no significant anti-inflammation action on cytokine concentrations. Cerclage insertion was associated with an increase in the majority of inflammatory markers and cervical length.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.