ArticleCarcinogenesis2013
Interaction of cigarette smoking and carcinogen-metabolizing polymorphisms in the risk of colorectal polyps.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between air pollution and cancers: controversial evidence of a systematic review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Pooled it
- N-acetyltransferase 2 genetic variants confer the susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma: evidence from 23 case-control studies.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high altitude areas.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Derivation and validation of a nomogram incorporating modifiable lifestyle factors to predict development of colorectal adenomas after negative index colonoscopy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mycosis Fungoides Exhibits the Features of Skin Tags: A Case Report.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for colorectal polyps in a Chinese population: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Polygenic approaches to detect gene-environment interactions when external information is unavailable.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2019Review
- Survival Outcomes and Factors Associated with Revision Surgery for Metastatic Disease of the Spine.Journal of oncology · 2018Article
- Catalytic properties and heat stabilities of novel recombinant human N-acetyltransferase 2 allozymes support existence of genetic heterogeneity within the slow acetylator phenotype.Archives of toxicology · 2017Article
- Evidence for large-scale gene-by-smoking interaction effects on pulmonary function.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- A perspective on interaction effects in genetic association studies.Genetic epidemiology · 2016Article
- Association Between Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke at the Workplace and Risk for Developing a Colorectal Adenoma: A Cross-Sectional Study.Annals of coloproctology · 2016Article
- Finding the missing gene-environment interactions.European journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in serum samples of autopsied individuals from Tennessee.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014Article
- Variation in the association between colorectal cancer susceptibility loci and colorectal polyps by polyp type.American journal of epidemiology · 2014Article
- Associations between dietary fiber and colorectal polyp risk differ by polyp type and smoking status.The Journal of nutrition · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The causal role of cigarette smoking in the risk of colorectal neoplasm has been suggested but not established. In a case-control study including 2060 colorectal polyp patients and 3336 polyp-free controls, we evaluated 21 functional genetic variants to construct a tobacco-carcinogen-metabolizing genetic risk score. Data regarding cigarette smoking were obtained through telephone interviews. Cigarette smoking was associated with an elevated risk of both adenomas and hyperplastic polyps. The association with smoking was stronger in participants with a high carcinogen-metabolizing risk score than those with a low risk score. Smoking 30 or more cigarettes per day was associated with a 1.7-fold elevated risk of any polyps (95% confidence interval = 1.3-2.2) among those with a low genetic risk score and 2.9-fold elevated risk (95% confidence interval = 1.8-4.8) among those with a high genetic risk score (P interaction = 0.025). A similar pattern of interaction was observed in analyses conducted separately for those with adenomas only (P interaction = 0.039) and hyperplastic polyps only (P interaction = 0.024). Interaction between carcinogen-metabolizing genetic risk and cigarette smoking was found in relation to high-risk adenomas (P interaction = 0.010) but not low-risk adenomas (P interaction = 0.791). No apparent interaction was found for duration of smoking. This study shows that the association between cigarette smoking and colorectal polyp risk is modified by tobacco-carcinogen-metabolizing polymorphisms, providing support for a causal role of cigarette smoking in the etiology of colorectal tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.