ArticleInfection and immunity2013
ToxR recognizes a direct repeat element in the toxT, ompU, ompT, and ctxA promoters of Vibrio cholerae to regulate transcription.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structures ofScience advances · 2026Article
- Strain-dependentFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Insights on the regulation and function of the CRISPR/Cas transposition system located in the pathogenicity island VpaI-7 fromInfection and immunity · 2025Article
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- Transcriptional regulator MarT negatively regulates MarT-regulated motility gene I, a new gene involved in invasion and virulence ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- ToxR activates theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Transmembrane Transcription Regulators Are Widespread in Bacteria and Archaea.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- The Xenogeneic Silencer Histone-Like Nucleoid-Structuring Protein Mediates the Temperature and Salinity-Dependent Regulation of the Type III Secretion System 2 in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- Independent Promoter Recognition by TcpP Precedes Cooperative Promoter Activation by TcpP and ToxR.mBio · 2021Article
- H-NS and ToxT Inversely Control Cholera Toxin Production by Binding to Overlapping DNA Sequences.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- The periplasmic domains of Vibriocholerae ToxR and ToxS are forming a strong heterodimeric complex independent on the redox state of ToxR cysteines.Molecular microbiology · 2021Article
- σMolecular microbiology · 2021Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence regulation ofVirulence · 2020Review
- Host stimuli and operator binding sites controlling protein interactions between virulence master regulator ToxR and ToxS in Vibrio cholerae.Molecular microbiology · 2020Article
- H-NS Silences Gene Expression of LeuO, the Master Regulator of the Cyclic(Phe-Pro)-dependent Signal Pathway, inJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Article
- Direct Binding and Regulation by Fur and HapR of the Intermediate Regulator and Virulence Factor Genes Within the ToxR Virulence Regulon inFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Multi-Factor Regulation of the Master Modulator LeuO for the Cyclic-(Phe-Pro) Signaling Pathway in Vibrio vulnificus.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Ambient pH Alters the Protein Content of Outer Membrane Vesicles, Driving Host Development in a Beneficial Symbiosis.Journal of bacteriology · 2019Article
- Vesicles FromFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
ToxR facilitates TcpP-mediated activation of the toxT promoter in Vibrio cholerae, initiating a regulatory cascade that culminates in cholera toxin secretion and toxin coregulated pilus expression. ToxR binds a region from -104 to -68 of the toxT promoter, from which ToxR recruits TcpP to the TcpP-binding site from -53 to -38. To precisely define the ToxR-binding site within the toxT promoter, promoter derivatives with single-base-pair transversions spanning the ToxR-footprinted region were tested for transcription activation and DNA binding. Nine transversions between -96 to -83 reduced toxT promoter activity 3-fold or greater, and all nine reduced the relative affinity of the toxT promoter for ToxR at least 2-fold, indicating that activation defects were due largely to reduced binding of ToxR to the toxT promoter. Nucleotides important for ToxR-dependent toxT activation revealed a consensus sequence of TNAAA-N(5)-TNAAA extending from -96 to -83, also present in other ToxR-regulated promoters. When these consensus nucleotides were mutated in the ompU, ompT, or ctxA promoters, ToxR-mediated regulation was disrupted. Thus, we have defined the core ToxR-binding site present in numerous ToxR-dependent promoters and we have precisely mapped the binding site for ToxR to a position three helical turns upstream of TcpP in the toxT promoter.
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