ArticleBMJ open2013
A systematic review of evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness.
Article in BMJ open, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,061 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Shared Decision Making in Physical Therapy: a Cross-sectional Observational Study
Caring for Providers to Improve Patient Experience (CPIPE) Study: A Cluster Randomized-controlled Trial to Assess the Impact of the CPIPE Intervention on Person-centered Maternity Care
Patient Satisfaction With Care: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study at AOU Maggiore Della Carità, Novara (SCORE)
Who cites it
1,061 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evidence on the links between patient experience and safety: a systematic review.BMJ open quality · 2026Pooled it
- Patient safety measures for virtual consultations in primary care: a systematic review.BMJ quality & safety · 2026Pooled it
- Providing effective and efficient hospital admission avoidance inpatient care: a systematic realist review of Norwegian municipal inpatient acute care services.BMC health services research · 2026Pooled it
- Differences in Cancer Patient Experience by Race, Ethnicity, and Preferred Language: A Systematic Review.Cancer medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Communication and medical errors: a bibliometric analysis of research trends and knowledge structures.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Highlighting global inequities in health services quality research: a systematic review and quantitative evidence (2014-2023).Health research policy and systems · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual Reality Distraction for Reducing Pain and Anxiety During Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic literature review on initiatives to involve children and adolescents in evaluating their hospitalization experience.BMC health services research · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating User Engagement and Satisfaction With Digital Mental Health Interventions: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Text Messaging Program and e-Mental Health Resources.JMIR human factors · 2026Trial
- Patients' experiences of a patient-centred polypharmacy medication review intervention: a mixed-methods study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Factors associated with long-term suicide risk severity among youth in community behavioral health care.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Case-mix adjustments of patient reported experience measures in general practice: variations between Norwegian municipalities.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- The Ambulatory Patient Experience with Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes: A Qualitative Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Observational
- The Stanmore Limb Reconstruction Score : validation of a novel patient-reported outcome measure.Bone & joint open · 2026Article
- Comment on: 'Patient experience of and barriers to the eye examination'.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Improving Clinician-Patient Communication in Aboriginal Health Care: Barriers and Enablers to Implementing Culturally Informed Communication Training (Clinical Yarning).The Australian journal of rural health · 2026Article
- When Personalization Does Not Change Care: A Critical Narrative Review and an Organizational Decoupling Framework.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Person-centred emergency care: translation and cross-cultural validation of the Australian Emergency Department Patient-Reported Experience Measure (ED PREM) in the Netherlands.Emergency medicine journal : EMJ · 2026Article
1,001 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness outcomes.
designSystematic review.
settingA wide range of settings within primary and secondary care including hospitals and primary care centres.
participantsA wide range of demographic groups and age groups. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: A broad range of patient safety and clinical effectiveness outcomes including mortality, physical symptoms, length of stay and adherence to treatment.
resultsThis study, summarising evidence from 55 studies, indicates consistent positive associations between patient experience, patient safety and clinical effectiveness for a wide range of disease areas, settings, outcome measures and study designs. It demonstrates positive associations between patient experience and self-rated and objectively measured health outcomes; adherence to recommended clinical practice and medication; preventive care (such as health-promoting behaviour, use of screening services and immunisation); and resource use (such as hospitalisation, length of stay and primary-care visits). There is some evidence of positive associations between patient experience and measures of the technical quality of care and adverse events. Overall, it was more common to find positive associations between patient experience and patient safety and clinical effectiveness than no associations.
conclusionsThe data presented display that patient experience is positively associated with clinical effectiveness and patient safety, and support the case for the inclusion of patient experience as one of the central pillars of quality in healthcare. It supports the argument that the three dimensions of quality should be looked at as a group and not in isolation. Clinicians should resist sidelining patient experience as too subjective or mood-oriented, divorced from the 'real' clinical work of measuring safety and effectiveness.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.