ArticleThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2013
Autophagy inhibition for chemosensitization and radiosensitization in cancer: do the preclinical data support this therapeutic strategy?
Article in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autophagy inhibition sensitizes radiotherapy responses in high-grade mutant IDH1 glioma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Autophagy Upregulation in Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) Glioma Uncovers a Novel Therapeutic Target.Research square · 2025Article
- Evidence for cytoprotective autophagy in response to HER2-targeted monoclonal antibodies.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- Liposomal Formulation of Hydroxychloroquine Can Inhibit Autophagy In Vivo.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Interconnection of CD133 Stem Cell Marker with Autophagy and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Is Autophagy Inhibition in Combination with Temozolomide a Therapeutically Viable Strategy?Cells · 2023Review
- LTF Induces Radioresistance by Promoting Autophagy and Forms an AMPK/SP2/NEAT1/miR-214-5p Feedback Loop in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- The BET inhibitor/degrader ARV-825 prolongs the growth arrest response to Fulvestrant + Palbociclib and suppresses proliferative recovery in ER-positive breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Targeting of non-apoptotic cancer cell death mechanisms by quercetin: Implications in cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Knockdown of Amphiregulin Triggers Doxorubicin-Induced Autophagic and Apoptotic Death by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Glioblastoma Cells.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2020Article
- Studies of Non-Protective Autophagy Provide Evidence that Recovery from Therapy-Induced Senescence is Independent of Early Autophagy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Article
- Review
- Differential Radiation Sensitivity in p53 Wild-Type and p53-Deficient Tumor Cells Associated with Senescence but not Apoptosis or (Nonprotective) Autophagy.Radiation research · 2018Article
- GSK-3β inhibits autophagy and enhances radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer.Diagnostic pathology · 2018Article
- New Insights Into Beclin-1: Evolution and Pan-Malignancy Inhibitor Activity.Advances in cancer research · 2018Review
- Role of autophagy in regulating the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2017Review
- Lysosomotropism depends on glucose: a chloroquine resistance mechanism.Cell death & disease · 2017Article
- Study protocol of a phase IB/II clinical trial of metformin and chloroquine in patients withBMJ open · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recognition of the cytoprotective functions of autophagy that occur in tumor cells exposed to various forms of chemotherapy or radiation has generated intense interest in the possibility that pharmacological interference with autophagy could provide a clinical strategy for overcoming therapeutic resistance. Multiple clinical trials are currently in progress to evaluate the antimalarial agent chloroquine (generally in its clinical formulation as hydroxychloroquine) and its impact on various forms of cancer therapy. In this commentary/review, we focus on the relatively limited number of studies in the literature where chloroquine has been tested in combination with chemotherapy or radiation in experimental tumor-bearing animal models. We also present recent data from our own laboratories, in cell culture experiments as well as in vivo studies, which demonstrate that neither chloroquine nor silencing of an autophagy regulatory gene was effective in conferring radiation sensitivity in an experimental model of breast cancer. The capacity for sensitization by chloroquine appears to be quite wide-ranging, with dramatic effects for some drugs/tumor models and modest or minimal effects in others. One possible caveat is that, with only a few exceptions, experiments have generally been performed in xenograft models, thereby eliminating the involvement of the immune system, which might ultimately be proven to play a central role in determining the effectiveness of autophagy inhibition in chemosensitization or radiosensitization. Nevertheless, a careful review of the current literature suggests that caution is likely to be warranted in translating preclinical findings relating to autophagy inhibition as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.