Trial reportAnnals of emergency medicine2013
Comparison of enhanced targeted rapid HIV screening using the Denver HIV risk score to nontargeted rapid HIV screening in the emergency department.
Trial report in Annals of emergency medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk prediction models for targeted testing of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Linkage-to-care Methods and Rates in U.S. Emergency Department-based HIV Testing Programs: A Systematic Literature Review Brief Report.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Screening in Emergency Departments: Results From the Pragmatic Randomized HIV Testing Using Enhanced Screening Techniques in Emergency Departments Trial.Annals of emergency medicine · 2024Trial
- Comparison of HIV Screening Strategies in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- The impact of nurse-driven targeted HIV screening in 8 emergency departments: study protocol for the DICI-VIH cluster-randomized two-period crossover trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Randomized comparison of universal and targeted HIV screening in the emergency department.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Trial
- Barriers and mitigating strategies to routine HIV screening in emergency departments: A national qualitative study.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Frequent Missed Opportunities for Earlier HIV Diagnosis in a Routine Opt-out Testing Environment in Atlanta.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Design and Proof of Concept of a Web-Based Questionnaire to Identify Patients at Risk for HIV and HCV Infection.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Testing trends and co-testing patterns for HIV, hepatitis C and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Emergency departments.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Between worlds: Cis-and trans-identifying diaspora Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) women in Ontario, Canada on the intersections of gender, sexuality and sexual health.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparison of Targeted and Routine Adolescent HIV Screening in a Pediatric Emergency Department.Pediatric emergency care · 2022Article
- Targeted HIV screening in the emergency department.Internal and emergency medicine · 2021Review
- HIV Risk and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Eligibility Among Emergency Department Patients.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2021Article
- Development and Validation of a Sociodemographic and Behavioral Characteristics-Based Risk-Score Algorithm for Targeting HIV Testing Among Adults in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Expanding access to HIV testing through Canadian community pharmacies: findings from the APPROACH study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- The Potential Impact of One-Time Routine HIV Screening on Prevention and Clinical Outcomes in the United States: A Model-Based Analysis.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2020Article
- High prevalence of injection drug use and blood-borne viral infections among patients in an urban emergency department.PloS one · 2020Article
- Detecting Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health with Structured and Free-Text Clinical Data.Applied clinical informatics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveA clinical prediction tool, the Denver HIV Risk Score, was recently developed to help identify patients with increased probability of undiagnosed HIV infection. Our goal was to compare targeted rapid HIV screening using the Denver HIV Risk Score to nontargeted rapid HIV screening in an urban emergency department (ED) and urgent care.
methodsWe used a prospective, before-after design at an urban medical center with an approximate annual census of 110,000 visits. Patients aged 13 years or older were eligible for screening. Targeted HIV screening of patients identified as high-risk by nurses using the Denver HIV Risk Score during medical screening was compared to nontargeted HIV screening offered by medical screening nurses during 2 separate 4-month time periods. The primary outcome was newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients.
results28,506 patients presented during the targeted phase, 1,718 were identified as high-risk, and 551 completed HIV testing. Of these, 7 (1.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5% to 2.6%) were newly diagnosed with HIV infection. 29,510 patients presented during the nontargeted phase and 3,591 completed HIV testing. Of these, 7 (0.2%, 95% CI 0.1% to 0.4%) were newly diagnosed with HIV infection. Targeted HIV screening was significantly associated with identification of newly diagnosed HIV infection when compared to nontargeted screening, adjusting for patient demographics and payer status (relative risk [RR] 10.4, 95% CI 3.4 to 32.0).
conclusionTargeted HIV screening using the Denver HIV Risk Score was strongly associated with new HIV diagnoses when compared to nontargeted screening. Although both HIV screening methods identified the same absolute number of newly diagnosed patients, significantly fewer tests were required during the targeted phase to achieve the same effect.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.