ArticlePlant physiology2013
Phenyl-adenine, identified in a LIGHT-DEPENDENT SHORT HYPOCOTYLS4-assisted chemical screen, is a potent compound for shoot regeneration through the inhibition of CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE activity.
Article in Plant physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Chemical priming of hypoxia responses via PLANT CYSTEINE OXIDASE inhibition improves flooding tolerance.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- Effect of Light and Cytokinin Modulators on Adventitious Shooting inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- High-throughput screening for biostimulant discovery: opportunities to enhance nitrogen use efficiency.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Small chemical molecules regulating the phytohormone signalling alter the plant's physiological processes to improve stress adaptation, growth and productivity.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2024Review
- Plants and Small Molecules: An Up-and-Coming Synergy.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Anti-Proliferative and Cytoprotective Activity of Aryl Carbamate and Aryl Urea Derivatives with Alkyl Groups and Chlorine as Substituents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The genetic framework of shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis comprises master regulators and conditional fine-tuning factors.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Phenotypic analysis combined with tandem mass tags (TMT) labeling reveal the heterogeneity of strawberry stolon buds.BMC plant biology · 2019Article
- Efficient Plastid Transformation in Arabidopsis.Plant physiology · 2017Article
- Endogenous trans-zeatin content in plants with different metal-accumulating ability: a field survey.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Article
- Cytokinin-Specific Glycosyltransferases Possess Different Roles in Cytokinin Homeostasis Maintenance.Frontiers in plant science · 2016Article
- Facile high-throughput forward chemical genetic screening by in situ monitoring of glucuronidase-based reporter gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Article
- Molecular locks and keys: the role of small molecules in phytohormone research.Frontiers in plant science · 2014Review
- Progress in plant protoplast research.Planta · 2013Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In vitro shoot regeneration is implemented in basic plant research and commercial plant production, but for some plant species, it is still difficult to achieve by means of the currently available cytokinins and auxins. To identify novel compounds that promote shoot regeneration, we screened a library of 10,000 small molecules. The bioassay consisted of a two-step regeneration protocol adjusted and optimized for high-throughput manipulations of root explants of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) carrying the shoot regeneration marker LIGHT-DEPENDENT SHORT HYPOCOTYLS4. The screen revealed a single compound, the cytokinin-like phenyl-adenine (Phe-Ade), as a potent inducer of adventitious shoots. Although Phe-Ade triggered diverse cytokinin-dependent phenotypical responses, it did not inhibit shoot growth and was not cytotoxic at high concentrations. Transcript profiling of cytokinin-related genes revealed that Phe-Ade treatment established a typical cytokinin response. Moreover, Phe-Ade activated the cytokinin receptors ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE3 and ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE4 in a bacterial receptor assay, albeit at relatively high concentrations, illustrating that it exerts genuine but weak cytokinin activity. In addition, we demonstrated that Phe-Ade is a strong competitive inhibitor of CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE enzymes, leading to an accumulation of endogenous cytokinins. Collectively, Phe-Ade exhibits a dual mode of action that results in a strong shoot-inducing activity.
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