ArticleLab on a chip2013
Formation of composite polyacrylamide and silicone substrates for independent control of stiffness and strain.
Article in Lab on a chip, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Hypertensive Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Advance Hypertension Pharmacogenomics.Stem cells translational medicine · 2015Trial
- Root-Inspired Microneedle Patch With Interlocked Rigid-Soft Architecture for High Tissue-Adaptiveness.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Strong living scaffolds for load-bearing musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Engineering in vitro vascular microsystems.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Review
- Matrix stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.Molecular biology reports · 2023Review
- Integration of Extracellular Matrices into Organ-on-Chip Systems.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Review
- Engineering tools for quantifying and manipulating forces in epithelia.Biophysics reviews · 2023Review
- Cooperation between myofibril growth and costamere maturation in human cardiomyocytes.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Article
- MechanoBioTester: A Decoupled Multistimulus Cell Culture Device for Studying Complex Microenvironments In Vitro.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Article
- Lung Microvascular Niche, Repair, and Engineering.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Unravelling the effects of mechanical physiological conditioning on cardiac adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells in vitro and in silico.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The Influence of the Timing of Cyclic Load Application on Cardiac Cell Contraction.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Fabrication of an Open Microfluidic Device for Immunoblotting.Analytical chemistry · 2017Article
- Mechanical regulation of cardiac fibroblast profibrotic phenotypes.Molecular biology of the cell · 2017Article
- Cellular Microbiaxial Stretching to Measure a Single-Cell Strain Energy Density Function.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2017Article
- Empirically Determined Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Mechano-Adaptation Law.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2017Article
- Dynamic Imaging Reveals Coordinate Effects of Cyclic Stretch and Substrate Stiffness on Endothelial Integrity.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2016Article
- Skin-inspired hydrogel-elastomer hybrids with robust interfaces and functional microstructures.Nature communications · 2016Article
- For whom the cells pull: Hydrogel and micropost devices for measuring traction forces.Methods (San Diego, Calif.) · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cells that line major tissues in the body such as blood vessels, lungs and gastrointestinal tract experience deformation from mechanical strain with our heartbeat, breathing, and other daily activities. Tissues also remodel in both development and disease, changing their mechanical properties. Taken together, cells can experience vastly different mechanical cues resulting from the combination of these interdependent stimuli. To date, most studies of cellular mechanotransduction have been limited to assays in which variations in substrate stiffness and strain were not combined. Here, we address this technological gap by implementing a method that can simultaneously tune both substrate stiffness and mechanical strain. Substrate stiffness is controlled with different monomer and crosslinker ratios during polyacrylamide gel polymerization, and strain is transferred from the underlying silicone platform when stretched. We demonstrate this platform with polyacrylamide gels with elastic moduli at 6 kPa and 20 kPa in combination with two different silicone formulations. The gels remain attached with up to 50% applied strains. To validate strain transfer through the gels into cells, we employ particle-tracking methods and observe strain transmission via cell morphological changes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.