ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
Varicella zoster-specific CD4+Foxp3+ T cells accumulate after cutaneous antigen challenge in humans.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Zostavax Vaccination on T-Cell Accumulation and Cutaneous Gene Expression in the Skin of Older Humans After Varicella Zoster Virus Antigen-Specific Challenge.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Reduced inflammatory and Th1 transcriptional profiles in geriatric versus adult cotton rats infected with respiratory syncytial virus.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: Clinical Features, Molecular Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.MedComm · 2026Review
- T-cell senescence and immunosenescence in chronic oral mucosal inflammatory diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Review
- Prostaglandin D2 delays CD8+ T-cell responses and respiratory syncytial virus clearance in geriatric cotton rats.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Cutaneous adaptive immunity and uraemia: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The translational potential of inflammation-induced skin blister human models in exploring the pathogenesis of periodontitis and its systemic health implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Parallel analysis of multiple human memory CD4Immunology and cell biology · 2023Article
- Humanized Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) Mouse Models for Varicella-Zoster Virus Pathogenesis.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Selective retention of virus-specific tissue-resident T cells in healed skin after recovery from herpes zoster.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Depletion of CD38-positive regulatory T cells by anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies induces a durable response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with plasma cell dyscrasia.British journal of haematology · 2022Article
- B Lymphocytes Accumulate and Proliferate in Human Skin at Sites of Cutaneous Antigen Challenge.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2022Article
- Reframing How Physical Activity Reduces The Incidence of Clinically-Diagnosed Cancers: Appraising Exercise-Induced Immuno-Modulation As An Integral Mechanism.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- The dark side of Tregs during aging.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Recruitment of inflammatory monocytes by senescent fibroblasts inhibits antigen-specific tissue immunity during human aging.Nature aging · 2021Article
- Skin barrier immunity and ageing.Immunology · 2020Review
- Immune Correlates of Herpes Zoster in People Living with HIV on Effective Antiretroviral Therapy.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- Human natural killer cells mediate adaptive immunity to viral antigens.Science immunology · 2019Article
- Immune senescence, epigenetics and autoimmunity.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2018Review
- Skin resident memory CD8Clinical and experimental immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between varicella zoster virus (VZV)-specific memory CD4(+) T cells and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) that accumulate after intradermal challenge with a VZV skin test Ag. VZV-specific CD4(+) T cells were identified with a MHC class II tetramer or by intracellular staining for either IFN-γ or IL-2 after Ag rechallenge in vitro. VZV-specific T cells, mainly of a central memory (CD45RA(-)CD27(+)) phenotype, accumulate at the site of skin challenge compared with the blood of the same individuals. This resulted in part from local proliferation because >50% of tetramer defined Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells in the skin expressed the cell cycle marker Ki67. CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells had the characteristic phenotype of Tregs, namely CD25(hi)CD127(lo)CD39(hi) in both unchallenged and VZV challenged skin and did not secrete IFN-γ or IL-2 after antigenic restimulation. The CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells from unchallenged skin had suppressive activity, because their removal led to an increase in cytokine secretion after activation. After VZV Ag injection, Foxp3(+)CD25(hi)CD127(lo)CD39(hi) T cells were also found within the VZV tetramer population. Their suppressive activity could not be directly assessed by CD25 depletion because activated T cells in the skin were also CD25(+). Nevertheless, there was an inverse correlation between decreased VZV skin responses and proportion of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells present, indicating indirectly their inhibitory activity in vivo. These results suggest a linkage between the expansion of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells and CD4(+) Tregs that may provide controlled responsiveness during Ag-specific stimulation in tissues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.