ArticleThe World Allergy Organization journal2012
In vitro effects of Beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle differentiation, hypertrophy, and atrophy.
Article in The World Allergy Organization journal, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- BetaThe Journal of physiology · 2018Trial
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- The Effect ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effect of Individual Patient Characteristics and Treatment Choices on Reliever Medication Use in Moderate-Severe Asthma: A Poisson Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- The Impact of Spermidine on C2C12 Myoblasts Proliferation, Redox Status and Polyamines Metabolism under HInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Suppression of FoxO1 mRNA by βFEBS open bio · 2022Article
- Beta-agonist drugs modulate the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cellsBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2021Article
- Response of the porcineBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2021Article
- Chronic treatment with terbutaline increases glucose and oleic acid oxidation and protein synthesis in cultured human myotubes.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2021Article
- Changes in expression of serine biosynthesis and integrated stress response genes during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2019Article
- βAnimal cells and systems · 2019Article
- Role of β-adrenergic signaling in masseter muscle.PloS one · 2019Article
- α-Ketoglutarate prevents skeletal muscle protein degradation and muscle atrophy through PHD3/ADRB2 pathway.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background: Beta-2 agonists are widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for their effect on airway smooth muscle relaxation. They also act on skeletal muscle, although their reported ergogenic effect is controversial.
aim: To evaluate the in vitro effects of short-acting and long-acting beta-2 agonists on adrenergic receptor (ADR) expression, hypertrophy, and atrophy markers, in a skeletal muscle cell line.
methods: The C2C12 cell line was used as a model of skeletal muscle differentiation. ADR messenger RNA expression was evaluated in proliferating myoblasts, committed cells, and differentiated myotubes, in basal conditions and after treatment with 10 M clenbuterol, salbutamol, salmeterol, and formoterol. Effect of beta-2 agonists on gene and protein expression of hypertrophy and atrophy markers was assessed in differentiated myotubes.
results: Our study shows that beta-2 ADR messenger RNA was expressed and progressively increased during cell differentiation. Beta-2 agonist treatment did not affect its expression. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy markers (fast and slow myosin, myogenin) were not modulated by any of the beta-2 agonists evaluated. However, clenbuterol induced a significant, dose-dependent downregulation of skeletal muscle atrophy genes (atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and cathepsin L).
conclusions: The reported ergogenic effect of beta-2 agonists, if any, should be considered as drug-specific and not class-specific and that of clenbuterol is mediated by the inhibition of the atrophic pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.