ArticleSteroids2013
Estrogen regulation of spine density and excitatory synapses in rat prefrontal and somatosensory cerebral cortex.
Article in Steroids, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct cognitive effects of estrogen and progesterone in menopausal women.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2015Trial
- Age-Related Changes in Density, Arborization, and NMDA Receptor Expression in Somatostatin Interneurons of the Mouse mPFC.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- Androgens Enhance Recognition Memory and Dendritic Spine Density in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Ovariectomized Female Rats.Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Relating sex-bias in human cortical and hippocampal microstructure to sex hormones.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Sericin Improves Memory Impairment Via Activation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway and Suppression of Oxidative Stress in Ovariectomized Mice.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Therapeutically targeting the consequences of HIV-1-associated gastrointestinal dysbiosis: Implications for neurocognitive and affective alterations.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2023Article
- Gray matter differences associated with menopausal hormone therapy in menopausal women: a DARTEL-based VBM study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Pathological Effects of Circulating Hydrophobic Bile Acids in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2023Review
- Morphologic alterations of the fear circuitry: the role of sex hormones and oral contraceptives.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Sex differences in fear responses: Neural circuits.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Lithium therapy subdues neuroinflammation to maintain pyramidal cells arborization and rescues neurobehavioural impairments in ovariectomized rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Sex Hormones, Sleep, and Memory: Interrelationships Across the Adult Female Lifespan.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Brain-derived estrogen and neural function.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Estrogenic hormones receptors in Alzheimer's disease.Molecular biology reports · 2021Review
- Spectral dynamic causal modelling in healthy women reveals brain connectivity changes along the menstrual cycle.Communications biology · 2021Article
- The effects of early life stress on motivated behaviors: A role for gonadal hormones.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Review
- Brain region-dependent alterations in polysialic acid immunoreactivity across the estrous cycle in mice.Hormones and behavior · 2020Article
- S-EQUOL: a neuroprotective therapeutic for chronic neurocognitive impairments in pediatric HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Selective Estrogen Receptor β Agonists: a Therapeutic Approach for HIV-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The steroid hormone, 17β-estradiol (E2) has been reported to enhance executive functions that are known to be mediated by the prefrontal cortex (PFC), although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To shed light on the potential mechanisms, we examined the effect of E2 in vivo upon spine density in the rat PFC and the somatosensory cortex (SSC), which has been implicated to be a transient storage site for information that can also contribute to working memory. The results revealed that E2 significantly enhanced the number of dendritic spines in both the SSC and PFC, as well as the expression of spinophilin. In vitro studies revealed further mechanistic insights by demonstrating that E2 enhanced AMPA GluR1 receptor expression and excitatory glutamatergic synapse formation in rat cortical neurons, without an effect upon inhibitory GABAergic synapse formation. Furthermore, E2 rapidly enhanced ERK and Akt activation in cortical neurons, and inhibitors of ERK and Akt activation significantly attenuated E2 induction of excitatory glutamatergic synapses. Administration of E2-BSA likewise significantly enhanced excitatory glutamatergic synapses in cortical neurons, and administration of an ER antagonist, ICI182,780 and a non-NMDA receptor antagonist (NBQX) significantly attenuated the effect of E2 upon enhancement of excitatory glutamatergic synapses, suggesting mediation by extranuclear estrogen receptors and involvement of non-NMDA receptor activation and signaling. As a whole, the studies demonstrate that E2 enhances spine density in both the PFC and SSC, and that E2 enhances excitatory glutamatergic synapse formation in cortical neurons via a rapid extranuclear ER-mediated signaling mechanism that involves up-regulation of GluR1 and mediation by Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.