ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2012
Epidemiology of sleeping sickness in Boffa (Guinea): where are the trypanosomes?
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance of clinical signs and symptoms, rapid and reference laboratory diagnostic tests for diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis by passive screening in Guinea: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Trial
- Unravelling human trypanotolerance: IL8 is associated with infection control whereas IL10 and TNFα are associated with subsequent disease development.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Elimination of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis as a public health problem in Republic of Guinea: Paving the way for zero transmission.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Xeno-monitoring the impact of Vector Control on trypanosome transmission in the Forecariah sleeping sickness focus (Guinea).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Control of Human African Trypanosomiasis in the Nola-Bilolo Focus, Central African Republic, 2020-2024: Outcome of Capacity Building, Improved Diagnosis and Treatment.Journal of parasitology research · 2026Article
- The "Gredouno" Cross Target: a new tool adapted to control Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the mangrove forests of Guinea.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- A Review on the Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Neglected Tropical Diseases.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Insights into trypanosomiasis transmission: Age, infection rates, and bloodmeal analysis of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in N.W. Uganda.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)-Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention.Current tropical medicine reports · 2023Article
- Neglected tropical diseases in Republic of Guinea: disease endemicity, case burden and the road towards the 2030 target.International health · 2023Review
- The Threat of Vector-Borne Diseases in Sierra Leone.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Review
- Prevalence of blood and skin trypanosomes in domestic and wild fauna from two sleeping sickness foci in Southern Cameroon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Re-emergence Risk of Human African Trypanosomiasis in the Southwestern Burkina Faso, A Gold-Bearing Mutation Area.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- Apparent density, trypanosome infection rates and host preference of tsetse flies in the sleeping sickness endemic focus of northwestern Uganda.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Accelerating elimination of sleeping sickness from the Guinean littoral through enhanced screening in the post-Ebola context: A retrospective analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Structural basis for guide RNA trimming by RNase D ribonuclease in Trypanosoma brucei.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Trypanosomiasis in Wildlife-Implications for Humans at the Wildlife Interface in Africa.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Evidence of the absence of human African trypanosomiasis in two northern districts of Uganda: Analyses of cattle, pigs and tsetse flies for the presence of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Immune trypanolysis test as a promising bioassay to monitor the elimination of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2019Article
- Resolving the apparent transmission paradox of African sleeping sickness.PLoS biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) in West Africa is a lethal, neglected disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense transmitted by the tsetse Glossina palpalis gambiensis. Although the littoral part of Guinea with its typical mangrove habitat is the most prevalent area in West Africa, very few data are available on the epidemiology of the disease in such biotopes. As part of a HAT elimination project in Guinea, we carried a cross-sectional study of the distribution and abundance of people, livestock, tsetse and trypanosomes in the focus of Boffa. An exhaustive census of the human population was done, together with spatial mapping of the area. Entomological data were collected, a human medical survey was organized together with a survey in domestic animals. In total, 45 HAT cases were detected out of 14445 people who attended the survey, these latter representing 50.9% of the total population. Potential additional carriers of T. b. gambiense were also identified by the trypanolysis test (14 human subjects and two domestic animals). No trypanosome pathogenic to animals were found, neither in the 874 tsetse dissected nor in the 300 domestic animals sampled. High densities of tsetse were found in places frequented by humans, such as pirogue jetties, narrow mangrove channels and watering points. The prevalence of T. b. gambiense in humans, combined to low attendance of the population at risk to medical surveys, and to an additional proportion of human and animal carriers of T. b. gambiense who are not treated, highlights the limits of strategies targeting HAT patients only. In order to stop T. b. gambiense transmission, vector control should be added to the current strategy of case detection and treatment. Such an integrated strategy will combine medical surveillance to find and treat cases, and vector control activities to protect people from the infective bites of tsetse.
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