ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Changes in the local tumor microenvironment in recurrent cancers may explain the failure of vaccines after surgery.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraoperative Near-Infrared Optical Contrast Can Localize Brain Metastases.World neurosurgery · 2017Trial
- Intraoperative molecular imaging can identify lung adenocarcinomas during pulmonary resection.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2015Trial
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- Regulatory T cells in cancer and inflammation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Triple-synergistic biomimetic nanoplatform orchestrates photothermal immunotherapy through coordinated ICD and STING activation.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Perioperative poly(I:C) reverses accelerated tumor growth after surgery in neuroblastoma.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
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- PARP Inhibition Shifts Murine Myeloid Cells Toward a More Tolerogenic Profile In Vivo.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- CD2AP shapes a stromal reduced tumor microenvironment and contributes to immunotherapy in gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Article
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- In Situ Tumor Vaccination Using Lipid Nanoparticles to Deliver Interferon-β mRNA Cargo.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Combination of vascular surgery with novel vascular targeting agents as cancer therapeutics.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Tailoring glioblastoma treatment based on longitudinal analysis of post-surgical tumor microenvironment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Changes in the tumor microenvironment in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its implication on efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Glioblastoma Standard of Care: Effects on Tumor Evolution and Reverse Translation in Preclinical Models.Cancers · 2024Review
- Halofuginone-guided nano-local therapy: Nano-thermosensitive hydrogels for postoperative metastatic canine mammary carcinoma with scar removal.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2024Article
- Unlocking the Potential of Gold as Nanomedicine in Cancer Immunotherapy.Journal of nanotheranostics · 2024Article
- Effect of acute inflammatory reaction induced by biopsy on tumor microenvironment.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Reversal of postoperative breast cancer metastasis by the use of embedded hydrogel.American journal of translational research · 2024Review
- Effects of surgical trauma and intraoperative blood loss on tumour progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Each year, more than 700,000 people undergo cancer surgery in the United States. However, more than 40% of those patients develop recurrences and have a poor outcome. Traditionally, the medical community has assumed that recurrent tumors arise from selected tumor clones that are refractory to therapy. However, we found that tumor cells have few phenotypical differences after surgery. Thus, we propose an alternative explanation for the resistance of recurrent tumors. Surgery promotes inhibitory factors that allow lingering immunosuppressive cells to repopulate small pockets of residual disease quickly. Recurrent tumors and draining lymph nodes are infiltrated with M2 (CD11b(+)F4/80(hi)CD206(hi) and CD11b(+)F4/80(hi)CD124(hi)) macrophages and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. This complex network of immunosuppression in the surrounding tumor microenvironment explains the resistance of tumor recurrences to conventional cancer vaccines despite small tumor size, an intact antitumor immune response, and unaltered cancer cells. Therapeutic strategies coupling antitumor agents with inhibition of immunosuppressive cells potentially could impact the outcomes of more than 250,000 people each year.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.