ArticleImmunogenetics2013
Lipopolysaccharide induces epididymal and testicular antimicrobial gene expression in vitro: insights into the epigenetic regulation of sperm-associated antigen 11e gene.
Article in Immunogenetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multi-mics exploration of programmed cell death in non-obstructive azoospermia: identifying TLR4 as a central regulator and therapeutic target.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Defensins: defenders of human reproductive health.Human reproduction update · 2023Review
- Effects of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation on hypoxia and inflammatory gene expression pathways of the rat testis.Basic and clinical andrology · 2018Article
- Lipopolysaccharide Downregulates Kruppel-Like Factor 2 (KLF2) via Inducing DNMT1-Mediated Hypermethylation in Endothelial Cells.Inflammation · 2017Article
- Transcriptional regulation of the rat sperm-associated antigen 11e (Spag 11e) gene during endotoxin challenge.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2014Article
- The Role of the Immune Response in Chlamydia trachomatis Infection of the Male Genital Tract: A Double-Edged Sword.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infections of the male reproductive tract lead to infertility, and the molecular mechanisms that operate under these conditions are not well studied. Using epididymal and testicular tissues cultured in vitro, we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the mRNA expression of beta-defensins, Spag11s, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the rat caput, cauda, and testes. LPS-induced antimicrobial gene expression involved NF-kB activation and decreased levels of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), all of which possibly allow antimicrobial gene transcription. Inhibition of endogenous HDAC1 and DNMT1 resulted in higher antimicrobial gene expression when compared to the LPS alone treated conditions. Increased trimethylation of histone 3, its binding to the upstream region of Spag11e gene, and demethylation of this region were observed during endotoxin challenge. We demonstrate that antimicrobial gene expression in the male reproductive tract tissues during endotoxin challenge involves NF-kB activation and epigenetic changes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.