Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23270620›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2012

Phylogeographic variation in recombination rates within a global clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Santiago Castillo-Ramírez, Jukka Corander, Pekka Marttinen, Mona Aldeljawi, William P Hanage, Henrik Westh, Kit Boye, Zeynep Gulay, Stephen D Bentley, Julian Parkhill and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Dynamics of dN/dS within recombining bacterial populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Methicillin-sensitiveMicrobial genomics · 2025
    Article
  7. Sequencing a CC239-MRSA-III with a novel composite SCC mec element from Kuwait.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. A scalable analytical approach from bacterial genomes to epidemiology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Clonal Diversity and Epidemiological Characteristics of ST239-MRSA Strains.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.

Santiago Castillo-Ramírez
Jukka Corander
Pekka Marttinen
Mona Aldeljawi
William P Hanage
Henrik Westh
Kit Boye
Zeynep Gulay
Stephen D Bentley
Julian Parkhill
Matthew T Holden
Edward J Feil
University of Bath · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GBHvidovre Hospital · DKCenter for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy · USDokuz Eylül University · TRHelsinki Institute for Information Technology · FIUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

Medical Research Council G1000803Wellcome Trust 098051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNext-generation sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool for understanding both patterns of descent over time and space (phylogeography) and the molecular processes underpinning genome divergence in pathogenic bacteria. Here, we describe a synthesis between these perspectives by employing a recently developed Bayesian approach, BRATNextGen, for detecting recombination on an expanded NGS dataset of the globally disseminated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone ST239.

resultsThe data confirm strong geographical clustering at continental, national and city scales and demonstrate that the rate of recombination varies significantly between phylogeographic sub-groups representing independent introductions from Europe. These differences are most striking when mobile non-core genes are included, but remain apparent even when only considering the stable core genome. The monophyletic ST239 sub-group corresponding to isolates from South America shows heightened recombination, the sub-group predominantly from Asia shows an intermediate level, and a very low level of recombination is noted in a third sub-group representing a large collection from Turkey.

conclusionsWe show that the rapid global dissemination of a single pathogenic bacterial clone results in local variation in measured recombination rates. Possible explanatory variables include the size and time since emergence of each defined sub-population (as determined by the sampling frame), variation in transmission dynamics due to host movement, and changes in the bacterial genome affecting the propensity for recombination.

Indexed as

Recombination, GeneticBayes TheoremGenetic VariationGenome, BacterialHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusPhylogeographySequence Analysis, DNATurkey

Identifiers

PMID23270620
PMCPMC3803117
OpenAlexW2102678333

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.