ArticleJournal of virology2013
Emergence of a norovirus GII.4 strain correlates with changes in evolving blockade epitopes.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Pre-exposure History and Host Genetics on Antibody Avidity Following Norovirus Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Broad blockade antibody responses in human volunteers after immunization with a multivalent norovirus VLP candidate vaccine: immunological analyses from a phase I clinical trial.PLoS medicine · 2015Trial
- Symmetry-breaking antibody binding reveals extensive capsid malleability in pandemic human norovirus.Research square · 2026Article
- A single amino acid in the viral capsid makes a major contribution to the interaction between human norovirus GII.6 and the bacterial Psl exopolysaccharide.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Balancing under constraint: Structural insights into norovirus evolution and antigenic innovation.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- A Prolonged Norovirus Infection and the Molecular Evolution of Human Norovirus Within-Host in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma.Viruses · 2026Article
- Structural and genetic analysis of neutralizing antibodies reveals mechanisms of GII.4 norovirus antigenic evolution.Research square · 2026Article
- Manipulation of immunodominant variable epitopes of norovirus capsid protein elicited cross-blocking antibodies to different GII.4 variants despite the low potency of the polyclonal sera.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Highly variable antigenic site located at the apex of GII.4 norovirus capsid protein induces cross-reactive blocking antibodies in a variant-specific manner.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The saga to monitor and control norovirus: the rise of GII.17.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Genetic diversity of norovirus in Shenzhen Based on continuous surveillance from 2016 to 2022.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Conformational Flexibility in Capsids Encoded by theViruses · 2024Review
- Structural analyses of the GI.4 norovirus by cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography revealing binding sites for human monoclonal antibodies.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Antigenic Characterization of Novel Human Norovirus GII.4 Variants San Francisco 2017 and Hong Kong 2019.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Biological Specimen Banking as a Time Capsule to Explore the Temporal Dynamics of Norovirus Epidemiology.Viruses · 2023Article
- Linear epitopes on the capsid protein of norovirus commonly elicit high antibody response among past-infected individuals.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Mapping human norovirus antigens during infection reveals the breadth of the humoral immune response.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus GII genogroups among children in Hubei, China, 2017-2019.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Influence of herd immunity on norovirus: a long-term field study of repeated viral gastroenteritis outbreaks at the same facilities.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Molecular epidemiology analysis of symptomatic and asymptomatic norovirus infections in Chinese infants.Virology journal · 2023Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The major capsid protein of norovirus GII.4 strains is evolving rapidly, resulting in epidemic strains with altered antigenicity. GII.4.2006 Minerva strains circulated at pandemic levels in 2006 and persisted at lower levels until 2009. In 2009, a new GII.4 variant, GII.4.2009 New Orleans, emerged and since then has become the predominant strain circulating in human populations. To determine whether changes in evolving blockade epitopes correlate with the emergence of the GII.4.2009 New Orleans strains, we compared the antibody reactivity of a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against GII.4.2006 and GII.4.2009 virus-like particles (VLPs). Both anti-GII.4.2006 and GII.4.2009 MAbs effectively differentiated the two strains by VLP-carbohydrate ligand blockade assay. Most of the GII.4.2006 MAbs preferentially blocked GII.4.2006, while all of the GII.4.2009 MAbs preferentially blocked GII.4.2009, although 8 of 12 tested blockade MAbs blocked both VLPs. Using mutant VLPs designed to alter predicted antigenic epitopes, binding of seven of the blockade MAbs was impacted by alterations in epitope A, identifying residues 294, 296, 297, 298, 368, and 372 as important antigenic sites in these strains. Convalescent-phase serum collected from a GII.4.2009 outbreak confirmed the immunodominance of epitope A, since alterations of epitope A affected serum reactivity by 40%. These data indicate that the GII.4.2009 New Orleans variant has evolved a key blockade epitope, possibly allowing for at least partial escape from protective herd immunity and provide epidemiological support for the utility of monitoring changes in epitope A in emergent strain surveillance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.