ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2013
Antimicrobial agent exposure and the emergence and spread of resistant microorganisms: issues associated with study design.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prospective Evaluation of ESBL Risk Factors and Appropriateness of Empirical Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Community-Onset Pyelonephritis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- DOSAGE: Dataset for Optimized Safe Antibiotic Guidelines and Estimates.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Diterpenoids from Isodon serra with promising anti-MRSA activities.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Antibiotic appropriateness at outpatient settings in Ethiopia: the need for an antibiotic stewardship programme.Drugs in context · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Use during Pregnancy in South Korea Using 2011-2020 National Health Insurance Claims Data.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Nisin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid (Augmentin) and Chlorhexidine on E. Faecalis as an Intracanal Irrigant: AnJournal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2023Article
- Important Roles and Potential Uses of Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in Oral Diseases: Cavity, Periodontal Disease, and Thrush.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
- From Pathophysiological Hypotheses to Case-Control Study Design: Resistance from Antibiotic Exposure in Community-Onset Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Relationship between the appropriateness of antibiotic treatment and clinical outcomes/medical costs of patients with community-acquired acute pyelonephritis: a multicenter prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns and Appropriateness for Children in Primary Healthcare Settings in Beijing City, China, 2017-2019.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of 14-Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The effect of public health educational campaign regarding antibiotic use and microbial resistance on knowledge, attitude, and practice in the Iran.Journal of education and health promotion · 2021Article
- Ten-year trends in antibiotic usage at a tertiary care hospital in Korea, 2004 to 2013.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2020Article
- Secular trend analysis of antibiotic utilisation in China's hospitals 2011-2018, a retrospective analysis of procurement data.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2020Article
- Nisin/polyanion layer-by-layer films exhibiting different mechanisms in antimicrobial efficacy.RSC advances · 2020Article
- Bystander Selection for Antimicrobial Resistance: Implications for Patient Health.Trends in microbiology · 2019Review
- Antibiotic resistance genes in an urban river as impacted by bacterial community and physicochemical parameters.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
- Trends of Antibiotic Consumption in Korea According to National Reimbursement Data (2008-2012): A Population-Based Epidemiologic Study.Medicine · 2015Observational
- Exploring N-acylhydrazone derivatives against clinical resistant bacterial strains.Current microbiology · 2014Article
- Mathematical model to quantify the effects of risk factors on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibiotics are essential agents that have greatly reduced human mortality due to infectious diseases. Their use, and sometimes overuse, have increased over the past several decades in humans, veterinary medicine and agriculture. However, the emergence of resistant pathogens is becoming an increasing problem that could result in the re-emergence of infectious diseases. Antibiotic prescription in human medicine plays a key role in this phenomenon. Under selection pressure, resistance can emerge in the commensal flora of treated individuals and disseminate to others. However, even if the effects of antimicrobial use on resistance is intuitively accepted, scientific rationales are required to convince physicians, legislators and public opinion to adopt appropriate behaviours and policies. With this review, we aim to provide an overview of different epidemiological study designs that are used to study the relationship between antibiotic use and the emergence and spread of resistance, as well as highlight their main strengths and weaknesses.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.