ArticleEukaryotic cell2013
Members of the Penicillium chrysogenum velvet complex play functionally opposing roles in the regulation of penicillin biosynthesis and conidiation.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of velvet family proteins regulating fungal development and virulence in the peach shoot blight fungusVirulence · 2026Article
- The global regulator LaeA controls expression of genes involved in diverse primary and secondary metabolites biosynthesis and their secretion in fungi.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Regulation ofToxins · 2025Article
- UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogenVirulence · 2024Article
- Involvement of LaeA and Velvet Proteins in Regulating the Production of Mycotoxins and Other Fungal Secondary Metabolites.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Phylogenomics analysis of velvet regulators in the fungal kingdom.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- PrJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Velvet Family Members Regulate Pigment Synthesis of the Fruiting Bodies ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization and engineering of the xylose-inducibleMetabolic engineering communications · 2022Article
- Global regulatory factor VeA upregulates the production of antitumor substances in endophytic Fusarium solani.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2022Article
- Review
- TheFrontiers in fungal biology · 2022Article
- Roles of AaFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- The velvet protein Vel1 controls initial plant root colonization and conidia formation for xylem distribution in Verticillium wilt.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Regulation of Secondary Metabolism in theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- In the fungus where it happens: History and future propelling Aspergillus nidulans as the archetype of natural products research.Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B · 2020Article
- Omics Approaches Applied toGenes · 2020Review
- Apc.LaeA and Apc.VeA of the velvet complex govern secondary metabolism and morphological development in the echinocandin-producing fungus Aspergillus pachycristatus.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2020Article
- Crosstalk Between Pheromone Signaling and NADPH Oxidase Complexes Coordinates Fungal Developmental Processes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Fungal Morphogenesis, from the Polarized Growth of Hyphae to Complex Reproduction and Infection Structures.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A velvet multisubunit complex was recently detected in the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum, the major industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin. Core components of this complex are P. chrysogenum VelA (PcVelA) and PcLaeA, which regulate secondary metabolite production, hyphal morphology, conidiation, and pellet formation. Here we describe the characterization of PcVelB, PcVelC, and PcVosA as novel subunits of this velvet complex. Using yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), we demonstrate that all velvet proteins are part of an interaction network. Functional analyses using single- and double-knockout strains clearly indicate that velvet subunits have opposing roles in the regulation of penicillin biosynthesis and light-dependent conidiation. PcVelC, together with PcVelA and PcLaeA, activates penicillin biosynthesis, while PcVelB represses this process. In contrast, PcVelB and PcVosA promote conidiation, while PcVelC has an inhibitory effect. Our genetic analyses further show that light-dependent spore formation depends not only on PcVelA but also on PcVelB and PcVosA. The results provided here contribute to our fundamental understanding of the function of velvet subunits as part of a regulatory network mediating signals responsible for morphology and secondary metabolism and will be instrumental in generating mutants with newly derived properties that are relevant to strain improvement programs.
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