ReviewJournal of bacteriology2013
Swarming: flexible roaming plans.
Review in Journal of bacteriology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Initiation of swarming inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Genomic survey uncovers the emergence of a multidrug-resistant dominant lineage in Proteus mirabilis populations.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Swashing: a propulsion-independent form of bacterial surface migration.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Navigating bacterial motility through chemotaxis: from molecular mechanisms to physiological perspectives.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Traits ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- c-di-GMP is required for swarming inmBio · 2025Article
- Inhibitory Effect of DNase-Chitosan-Nisin Nanoparticles on Cell Viability, Motility, and Spatial Structures ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Flagellar protein FliL: A many-splendored thing.Molecular microbiology · 2024Review
- Agar lot-specific inhibition in the plating efficiency of yeast spores and cells.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Swashing motility: A novel propulsion-independent mechanism for surface migration inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mucin-induced surface dispersal ofmBio · 2024Article
- VmsR, a LuxR-Type Regulator, Contributes to Virulence, Cell Motility, Extracellular Polysaccharide Production and Biofilm Formation inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Laboratory horror stories: Poison in the agars.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Growth, Survival, and Virulence Characteristics ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Differential gliding motility responses ofCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Article
- A heritable iron memory enables decision-making inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Flagellar motor remodeling during swarming requires FliL.Molecular microbiology · 2023Article
- Flagellar motor remodeling during swarming requires FliL.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- The FilZ Protein Contains a Single PilZ Domain and Facilitates the Swarming Motility ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Movement over an agar surface via swarming motility is subject to formidable challenges not encountered during swimming. Bacteria display a great deal of flexibility in coping with these challenges, which include attracting water to the surface, overcoming frictional forces, and reducing surface tension. Bacteria that swarm on "hard" agar surfaces (robust swarmers) display a hyperflagellated and hyperelongated morphology. Bacteria requiring a "softer" agar surface (temperate swarmers) do not exhibit such a dramatic morphology. For polarly flagellated robust swarmers, there is good evidence that restriction of flagellar rotation somehow signals the induction of a large number of lateral flagella, but this scenario is apparently not relevant to temperate swarmers. Swarming bacteria can be further subdivided by their requirement for multiple stators (Mot proteins) or a stator-associated protein (FliL), secretion of essential polysaccharides, cell density-dependent gene regulation including surfactant synthesis, a functional chemotaxis signaling pathway, appropriate cyclic (c)-di-GMP levels, induction of virulence determinants, and various nutritional requirements such as iron limitation or nitrate availability. Swarming strategies are as diverse as the bacteria that utilize them. The strength of these numerous designs stems from the vantage point they offer for understanding mechanisms for effective colonization of surface niches, acquisition of pathogenic potential, and identification of environmental signals that regulate swarming. The signature swirling and streaming motion within a swarm is an interesting phenomenon in and of itself, an emergent behavior with properties similar to flocking behavior in diverse systems, including birds and fish, providing a convenient new avenue for modeling such behavior.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.