ArticleInfection and immunity2013
Mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate reprograms macrophage global gene expression and activates matrix metalloproteinases.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- The lipid language of tuberculosis:mBio · 2026Review
- Review
- In silico agent-based modeling approach to characterize multiple in vitro tuberculosis infection models.PloS one · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of MmpL3 Function and Inhibition.Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2023Review
- Generation of Liposomes to Study the Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Cavitary tuberculosis: the gateway of disease transmission.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Article
- Mycobacterial Evolution Intersects With Host Tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Underestimated Manipulative Roles ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Cyclopropane Modification of Trehalose Dimycolate Drives Granuloma Angiogenesis and Mycobacterial Growth through Vegf Signaling.Cell host & microbe · 2018Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors enhance the efficacy of frontline drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- The Immune Mechanisms of Lung Parenchymal Damage in Tuberculosis and the Role of Host-Directed Therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Macrophage-Bacteria Interactions-A Lipid-Centric Relationship.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- MARCO variants are associated with phagocytosis, pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility and Beijing lineage.Genes and immunity · 2016Article
- Gender susceptibility to mycobacterial infections in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis.International journal of mycobacteriology · 2015Review
- Adventures within the speckled band: heterogeneity, angiogenesis, and balanced inflammation in the tuberculous granuloma.Immunological reviews · 2015Review
- The Sculpting of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genome by Host Cell-Derived Pressures.Microbiology spectrum · 2014Review
- The mycobacterial cell envelope-lipids.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014Review
- Glycerol monomycolate is a novel ligand for the human, but not mouse macrophage inducible C-type lectin, Mincle.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) is a cell wall glycolipid and an important virulence factor of mycobacteria. In order to study the role of TDM in the innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, microarray analysis was used to examine gene regulation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages in response to 90-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres coated with TDM. A large number of genes, particularly those involved in the immune response and macrophage function, were up- or downregulated in response to these TDM-coated beads compared to control beads. Genes involved in the immune response were specifically upregulated in a myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-dependent manner. The complexity of the transcriptional response also increased greatly between 2 and 24 h. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were significantly upregulated at both time points, and this was confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Using an in vivo Matrigel granuloma model, the presence and activity of MMP-9 were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ zymography (ISZ), respectively. We found that TDM-coated beads induced MMP-9 expression and activity in Matrigel granulomas. Macrophages were primarily responsible for MMP-9 expression, as granulomas from neutrophil-depleted mice showed staining patterns similar to that for wild-type mice. The relevance of these observations to human disease is supported by the similar induction of MMP-9 in human caseous tuberculosis (TB) granulomas. Given that MMPs likely play an important role in both the construction and breakdown of tuberculous granulomas, our results suggest that TDM may drive MMP expression during TB pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.