ArticleJournal of vision2012
The role of uncertainty and reward on eye movements in a virtual driving task.
Article in Journal of vision, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- A robotics-inspired scanpath model reveals the importance of uncertainty and semantic object cues for gaze guidance in dynamic scenes.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- The fundamentals of eye tracking part 1: The link between theory and research question.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Just-in-time: Gaze guidance in natural behavior.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Fork in the road: How self-efficacy related to walking across terrain influences gaze behavior and path choice.Journal of vision · 2024Article
- When knowing the activity is not enough to predict gaze.Journal of vision · 2024Article
- Weighting the factors affecting attention guidance during free viewing and visual search: The unexpected role of object recognition uncertainty.Journal of vision · 2022Article
- Multitasking in Driving as Optimal Adaptation Under Uncertainty.Human factors · 2021Article
- Icy road ahead-rapid adjustments of gaze-gait interactions during perturbed naturalistic walking.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- Micropursuit and the control of attention and eye movements in dynamic environments.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- Vision as oculomotor reward: cognitive contributions to the dynamic control of saccadic eye movements.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2021Review
- Target position and avoidance margin effects on path planning in obstacle avoidance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Search strategies improve with practice, but not with time pressure or financial incentives.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance · 2021Article
- Drivers use active gaze to monitor waypoints during automated driving.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Long-term memory guides resource allocation in working memory.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Uncertainty in learning, choice, and visual fixation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Towards a neuroscience of active sampling and curiosity.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2018Review
- Adaptive Gaze Strategies to Reduce Environmental Uncertainty During a Sequential Visuomotor Behaviour.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Control of gaze in natural environments: effects of rewards and costs, uncertainty and memory in target selection.Interface focus · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Eye movements during natural tasks are well coordinated with ongoing task demands and many variables could influence gaze strategies. Sprague and Ballard (2003) proposed a gaze-scheduling model that uses a utility-weighted uncertainty metric to prioritize fixations on task-relevant objects and predicted that human gaze should be influenced by both reward structure and task-relevant uncertainties. To test this conjecture, we tracked the eye movements of participants in a simulated driving task where uncertainty and implicit reward (via task priority) were varied. Participants were instructed to simultaneously perform a Follow Task where they followed a lead car at a specific distance and a Speed Task where they drove at an exact speed. We varied implicit reward by instructing the participants to emphasize one task over the other and varied uncertainty in the Speed Task with the presence or absence of uniform noise added to the car's velocity. Subjects' gaze data were classified for the image content near fixation and segmented into looks. Gaze measures, including look proportion, duration and interlook interval, showed that drivers more closely monitor the speedometer if it had a high level of uncertainty, but only if it was also associated with high task priority or implicit reward. The interaction observed appears to be an example of a simple mechanism whereby the reduction of visual uncertainty is gated by behavioral relevance. This lends qualitative support for the primary variables controlling gaze allocation proposed in the Sprague and Ballard model.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.