ArticleJournal of biomedical semantics2012
Ontology representation and analysis of vaccine formulation and administration and their effects on vaccine immune responses.
Article in Journal of biomedical semantics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Computational Advances in Drug Safety: Systematic and Mapping Review of Knowledge Engineering Based Approaches.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Immune biomarkers, profiles, and responses: a vaccine ontology perspective.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2026Article
- BERTopic-driven term extraction from biomedical texts toward ontology population: evaluating vaccine ontology with Plotkin's vaccines corpus.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2026Article
- VO: The Vaccine Ontology.Scientific data · 2026Article
- SEA CDM: Study-Experiment-Assay Common Data Model and Databases for Cross-Domain Data Integration and Analysis.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Vaxjo 2.0: An ontology- and large language model-powered knowledge base of vaccine adjuvants and mechanisms.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Systematic annotation and analysis of susceptibility genes associated with vaccine adverse events.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- VO: The Vaccine Ontology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mapping and Harmonization of CVX vaccine terms to the Vaccine Ontology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A fourfold pathogen reference ontology suite.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2025Article
- A Fourfold Pathogen Reference Ontology Suite.ArXiv · 2025Article
- Systematic collection, annotation, and pattern analysis of viral vaccines in the VIOLIN vaccine knowledgebase.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Computational tools and data integration to accelerate vaccine development: challenges, opportunities, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Empowering standardization of cancer vaccines through ontology: enhanced modeling and data analysis.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2024Article
- Homeostasis imbalance process ontology: a study on COVID-19 infectious processes.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- CanVaxKB: a web-based cancer vaccine knowledgebase.NAR cancer · 2024Article
- VIGET: A web portal for study of vaccine-induced host responses based on Reactome pathways and ImmPort data.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Identification of missing hierarchical relations in the vaccine ontology using acquired term pairs.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2022Article
- COVID-19 vaccine design using reverse and structural vaccinology, ontology-based literature mining and machine learning.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2022Article
- Profiling COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Events by Statistical and Ontological Analysis of VAERS Case Reports.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA vaccine is a processed material that if administered, is able to stimulate an adaptive immune response to prevent or ameliorate a disease. A vaccination process may protect the host against subsequent exposure to an infectious agent and result in reduced disease or total prevention of the disease. Vaccine formulation and administration methods may affect vaccine safety and efficacy significantly.
resultsIn this report, the detailed classification and definitions of vaccine components and vaccine administration processes are represented using OWL within the framework of the Vaccine Ontology (VO). Different use cases demonstrate how different vaccine formulations and routes of vaccine administration affect the protection efficacy, general immune responses, and adverse events following vaccination. For example, vaccinations of mice with Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 using intraperitoneal or intranasal administration resulted in different protection levels. As shown in the vaccine adverse event data provided by US FDA, live attenuated and nonliving vaccines are usually administered in different routes and have different local and systematic adverse effect manifestations.
conclusionsVaccine formulation and administration route can independently or collaboratively affect host response outcomes (positive protective immunity or adverse events) after vaccination. Ontological representation of different vaccine and vaccination factors in these two areas allows better understanding and analysis of the causal effects between different factors and immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.