Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2013
Whole milk intake is associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality among U.S. male physicians.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cheese consumption and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of prospective studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Dairy Consumption and Total Cancer and Cancer-Specific Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- The Facts about Food after Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Dairy Products: Is There an Impact on Promotion of Prostate Cancer? A Review of the Literature.Frontiers in nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Dairy products intake and cancer mortality risk: a meta-analysis of 11 population-based cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2016Pooled it
- Milk consumption and health outcomes in Western and Asian populations.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Periprostatic Adipose Tissue as a Contributor to Prostate Cancer Pathogenesis: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- The Dairy and Cancer Controversy: Milking the Evidence.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Sex steroid hormone residues in milk and their potential risks for breast and prostate cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Article
- Association between Dairy Consumption and Psychological Symptoms: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study of College Students in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Perspectives from healthcare professionals on the nutritional adequacy of plant-based dairy alternatives: results of a mixed methods inquiry.BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- Milk Consumption and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.The world journal of men's health · 2021Review
- Potential Protective Protein Components of Cow's Milk against Certain Tumor Entities.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Exosome-Derived MicroRNAs of Human Milk and Their Effects on Infant Health and Development.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Dairy consumption and hepatocellular carcinoma risk.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Lifetime Impact of Cow's Milk on Overactivation of mTORC1: From Fetal to Childhood Overgrowth, Acne, Diabetes, Cancers, and Neurodegeneration.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Synergistic Effects of Milk-Derived Exosomes and Galactose onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Association of the Lactase Persistence Haplotype Block With Disease Risk in Populations of European Descent.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies have associated higher milk intake with greater prostate cancer (PCa) incidence, but little data are available concerning milk types and the relation between milk intake and risk of fatal PCa. We investigated the association between intake of dairy products and the incidence and survival of PCa during a 28-y follow-up. We conducted a cohort study in the Physicians' Health Study (n = 21,660) and a survival analysis among the incident PCa cases (n = 2806). Information on dairy product consumption was collected at baseline. PCa cases and deaths (n = 305) were confirmed during follow-up. The intake of total dairy products was associated with increased PCa incidence [HR = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.35); >2.5 servings/d vs. ≤0.5 servings/d]. Skim/low-fat milk intake was positively associated with risk of low-grade, early stage, and screen-detected cancers, whereas whole milk intake was associated only with fatal PCa [HR = 1.49 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.28); ≥237 mL/d (1 serving/d) vs. rarely consumed]. In the survival analysis, whole milk intake remained associated with risk of progression to fatal disease after diagnosis [HR = 2.17 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.51)]. In this prospective cohort, higher intake of skim/low-fat milk was associated with a greater risk of nonaggressive PCa. Most importantly, only whole milk was consistently associated with higher incidence of fatal PCa in the entire cohort and higher PCa-specific mortality among cases. These findings add further evidence to suggest the potential role of dairy products in the development and prognosis of PCa.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.