SynthesisAmerican journal of epidemiology2013
Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts.
Synthesis in American journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the diet wide contribution to serum urate levels: meta-analysis of population based cohorts.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Meta-analyses of the association of G6PC2 allele variants with elevated fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Associations between lifestyle and initiation of cardiovascular preventive medicines in 60-year-olds at low to moderate cardiovascular risk level - a prospective cohort study based on the VIPVIZA-trial.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Longitudinal effect of 20-year infancy-onset dietary intervention on food consumption and nutrient intake: the randomized controlled STRIP study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Dietary Intervention for Glucose Tolerance In Teens (DIG IT): Protocol of a randomized controlled trial using health coaching to prevent youth-onset type 2 diabetes.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Metabolic effects of a 13-weeks lifestyle intervention in older adults: The Growing Old Together Study.Aging · 2016Trial
- Gene × dietary pattern interactions in obesity: analysis of up to 68 317 adults of European ancestry.Human molecular genetics · 2015Trial
- Circulating and dietary trans fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study.Diabetes care · 2015Trial
- Diet Quality, Physical Activity, and Epigenetic Aging in the Finnish Working-Age Population.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary diversity and metabolic health among people in Västerbotten, Sweden.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of leisure time physical activity with gut microbiota composition in early adulthood.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Diet Quality Trajectories From Infancy to Young Adulthood: The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Translational Algorithms for Technological Dietary Quality Assessment Integrating Nutrimetabolic Data with Machine Learning Methods.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Healthy dietary pattern is associated with lower glycemia independently of the genetic risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Finnish men.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Towards objective measurements of habitual dietary intake patterns: comparing NMR metabolomics and food frequency questionnaire data in a population-based cohort.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- From risk communication about asymptomatic atherosclerosis to cognitive and emotional reactions and lifestyle modification.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Incidence and Remission and Their Predictors During 7 Years of Follow-up Among Finns.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Dietary habits among snus users: a population-based cross-sectional study.Food & nutrition research · 2023Article
- Healthy Oral Lifestyle Behaviours Are Associated with Favourable Composition and Function of the Oral Microbiota.Microorganisms · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
65 authors at 15 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Whether loci that influence fasting glucose (FG) and fasting insulin (FI) levels, as identified by genome-wide association studies, modify associations of diet with FG or FI is unknown. We utilized data from 15 U.S. and European cohort studies comprising 51,289 persons without diabetes to test whether genotype and diet interact to influence FG or FI concentration. We constructed a diet score using study-specific quartile rankings for intakes of whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, and nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugared beverages, and fried potatoes (unfavorable). We used linear regression within studies, followed by inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis, to quantify 1) associations of diet score with FG and FI levels and 2) interactions of diet score with 16 FG-associated loci and 2 FI-associated loci. Diet score (per unit increase) was inversely associated with FG (β = -0.004 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.005, -0.003) and FI (β = -0.008 ln-pmol/L, 95% confidence interval: -0.009, -0.007) levels after adjustment for demographic factors, lifestyle, and body mass index. Genotype variation at the studied loci did not modify these associations. Healthier diets were associated with lower FG and FI concentrations regardless of genotype at previously replicated FG- and FI-associated loci. Studies focusing on genomic regions that do not yield highly statistically significant associations from main-effect genome-wide association studies may be more fruitful in identifying diet-gene interactions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.