ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2013
Granuloma correlates of protection against tuberculosis and mechanisms of immune modulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- The immunoregulatory landscape of human tuberculosis granulomas.Nature immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Tryptophan catabolism reflects disease activity in human tuberculosis.JCI insight · 2020Trial
- Elucidation of a Human Urine Metabolite as a Seryl-Leucine Glycopeptide and as a Biomarker of Effective Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy.ACS infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Therapeutic remodeling of the tuberculosis granuloma with 1-methyl-D-tryptophan enhances CD8Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Tuberculosis: Focus on Immunometabolic Regulation, Compartment-Specific Biology, and Therapeutic Potential.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The study of immunological markers in tuberculosis across animal models and its translation to human research.Lab animal · 2026Review
- Modulation of pulmonary IL-21 expression during latent TB and M. tuberculosis/SIV coinfection.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages during mycobacterial infection: a review of immunometabolic crosstalk and pathogen manipulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Therapeutic remodeling of the tuberculosis granuloma with 1-methyl-D-tryptophan enhances CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Spatial transcriptomic analysis of HIV and tuberculosis coinfection in a humanized mouse model reveals unique transcription patterns, immune responses and early morphological alterations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prevention of tuberculosis in cynomolgus macaques by an attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine candidate.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Microenvironments of tuberculous granuloma: advances and opportunities for therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Kynurenine-AhR reduces T-cell infiltration and induces a delayed T-cell immune response by suppressing the STAT1-CXCL9/CXCL10 axis in tuberculosis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Article
- Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase inhibition improves immunity and is safe for concurrent use with cART during Mtb/SIV coinfection.JCI insight · 2024Article
- The plasma kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio as a biomarker of tuberculosis disease in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: an exploratory nested case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Kynurenine Pathway in Respiratory Diseases.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2024Review
- Glutamine metabolism inhibition has dual immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Immune Responses in Lung Granulomas during Mtb/HIV Co-Infection: Implications for Pathogenesis and Therapy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe BCG vaccine is ineffective against adult tuberculosis. Hence, new antituberculosis vaccines are needed. Correlates of protection against tuberculosis are not known. We studied the effects of BCG vaccination on gene expression in tuberculosis granulomas using macaques.
methodsMacaques were BCG-vaccinated or sham-vaccinated and then challenged with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lung lesions were used for comparative transcriptomics.
resultsVaccinated macaques were protected with lower bacterial burden and immunopathology. Lesions from BCG-vaccinated nonhuman primates (NHPs) showed a better balance of α- and β-chemokine gene expression with higher levels of β-chemokine expression relative to nonvaccinated animals. Consistent with this, sham-vaccinated macaques recruited fewer macrophages relative to neutrophils in their lungs. The expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a known immunosuppressor, was significantly higher in both week 5 and 10 lesions from sham-vaccinated, relative to BCG-vaccinated, NHPs. IDO expression was primarily limited to the nonlymphocytic region of the lesions, within the inner ring structure surrounding the central necrosis.
conclusionsOur study defines lung gene expression correlates of protective response against tuberculosis, relative to disease, which can potentially be employed to assess the efficacy of candidate antituberculosis vaccines. Mycobacterium tuberculosis may modulate protective immune responses using diverse mechanisms, including increased recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils and the concomitant use of IDO to modulate inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.