Trial reportJournal of human hypertension2013
Long-term effects of salt substitution on blood pressure in a rural north Chinese population.
Trial report in Journal of human hypertension, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of a Salt Substitute on the Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative effects of salt substitutes on blood pressure, cardiovascular events and mortality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of population-based sodium reduction interventions on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Replacing salt with low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS) for cardiovascular health in adults, children and pregnant women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The hypotensive effect of salt substitutes in stage 2 hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Effect of Dietary Salt Restriction on Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults.Global heart · 2015Pooled it
- A randomized, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the blood pressure lowing effect of low-sodium salt substitution on middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients with different plasma renin concentrations.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Effect of salt substitution on community-wide blood pressure and hypertension incidence.Nature medicine · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness of Salt Substitution and Antihypertensive Drug Treatment in Chinese Prehypertensive Adults.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Article
- Matching traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine-based research: Advanced nutraceutical development for proactive gastric cancer prevention.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Review
- The Relationship between Low-Sodium Salt Intake and Both Blood Pressure Level and Hypertension in Chinese Residents.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Hypertension in China: epidemiology and treatment initiatives.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Comprehensive effects of lifestyle reform, adherence, and related factors on hypertension control: A review.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023Review
- Initiatives to Reduce the Content of Sodium in Food Products and Meals and Improve the Population's Health.Nutrients · 2023Review
- A prediction model for the impact of environmental and genetic factors on cardiovascular events: development in a salt substitutes population.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Strengthening Knowledge to Practice on Effective Salt Reduction Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dietary sodium and potassium intake can influence blood pressure. The effects of salt substitution on patients with hypertension and normotensive family member controls, however, have not been evaluated in a rural Chinese population. The objective of this study, accordingly, was to assess the long-term effects of salt substitution on blood pressure. We conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial among 200 families in rural China to establish the 2-year effects of a reduced-sodium, high-potassium salt substitute (65% sodium chloride, 25% potassium chloride, 10% magnesium sulfate) compared with normal salt (100% sodium chloride) on blood pressure. Of the 462 individuals in the trial, 372 completed the study (81%). For normotensive subjects, the mean overall difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups at the 24-month follow-up was 2 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI) 0-4 mm Hg, P<0.05) and 2 mm Hg (95% CI 1-3 mm Hg, P<0.05), respectively. For subjects with hypertension, the mean overall decrease in systolic blood pressure showed a 4-mm Hg (95% CI 2-6 mm Hg, P<0.05) decrease between the two groups. Diastolic blood pressure was not affected by salt use in the hypertensive group. Salt substitution lowers systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients and lowers both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in normotensive controls. Salt substitution, therefore, may be an effective adjuvant therapy for hypertensive patients and the potential efficacy in preventing hypertension in normotensive individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.