ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2013
Invasive cervical cancer risk among HIV-infected women: a North American multicohort collaboration prospective study.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions and Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening, Treatment, and Retention in Care among Persons with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- HIV-positive women have higher risk of human papilloma virus infection, precancerous lesions, and cervical cancer.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Optimal management of cervical cancer in HIV-positive patients: a systematic review.Cancer medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in HIV-1-infected women.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of the human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, 18 vaccine in HIV-infected young women.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2013Trial
- Paracrine signals from HIV-1-infected immune cells reprogram cervical cancer pathways.iScience · 2026Article
- Association of Immunodeficiency and HIV Viremia With Cervical Precancer and Cancer Risk Among Women With HIV in South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Cancer risks and trends between 1997 and 2018, and effects of restored immunity in people living with HIV: Results from the ANRS CO4 French hospital database on HIV.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Screen-and-treat: a sustainable solution for cervical cancer elimination in low and middle income countries.BMJ oncology · 2026Review
- Factors associated with uptake of gynaecological care and cervical cancer screening among women in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- CIN2 in the Era of Risk-Based Management and HPV Vaccination: Epidemiology, Natural History and Guidelines.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Incidence and outcomes of anal and cervical cancer among adults with HIV in Latin America: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Viremia and Cancer Risk in 2.8 Million People: The South African HIV Cancer Match Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Cervical Cancer Outcomes in Women With HIV in the Age of Antiretroviral Therapy.JAMA network open · 2025Article
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- Cervical dysplasia in women with HIV in the modern treat-all era: elevated risk remains despite long-term ART and normal CD4 + cell count.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Cervical cancer screening rates in females living with HIV at three healthcare settings in the United States, 2010-2019.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of a novel E7 multi-epitopic vaccine for human papillomavirus type 16: design, expression, purification, and immunological characterization.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Limited preventive care among Medicaid enrollees with HIV in the US South.Scientific reports · 2025Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV infection and low CD4+ T-cell count are associated with an increased risk of persistent oncogenic human papillomavirus infection-the major risk factor for cervical cancer. Few reported prospective cohort studies have characterized the incidence of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) in HIV-infected women.
methodsData were obtained from HIV-infected and -uninfected female participants in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design with no history of ICC at enrollment. Participants were followed from study entry or January 1996 through ICC, loss to follow-up, or December 2010. The relationship of HIV infection and CD4+ T-cell count with risk of ICC was assessed using age-adjusted Poisson regression models and standardized incidence ratios. All cases were confirmed by cancer registry records and/or pathology reports. Cervical cytology screening history was assessed through medical record abstraction.
resultsA total of 13,690 HIV-infected and 12,021 HIV-uninfected women contributed 66,249 and 70,815 person-years of observation, respectively. Incident ICC was diagnosed in 17 HIV-infected and 4 HIV-uninfected women (incidence rate of 26 and 6 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). HIV-infected women with baseline CD4+ T-cells of ≥350, 200-349, and <200 cells per microliter had a 2.3, 3.0, and 7.7 times increase in ICC incidence, respectively, compared with HIV-uninfected women (P(trend) = 0.001). Of the 17 HIV-infected women, medical records for the 5 years before diagnosis showed that 6 had no documented screening, 5 had screening with low-grade or normal results, and 6 had high-grade results.
conclusionsThis study found elevated incidence of ICC in HIV-infected compared with -uninfected women, and these rates increased with immunosuppression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.