ArticlePulmonary medicine2012
Role of TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma, and IL-10 in the Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Article in Pulmonary medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity toInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Antigen-specific Th1 cytokine markers and protection against tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis stratified by progression to active disease and sustained IGRA conversion.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles differentiating tuberculous from malignant pleural effusion.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Association between IFNGR1 gene polymorphisms and tuberculosis susceptibility: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- TLR1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 Variants Associated with Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Effects of Oral Liposomal Glutathione in Altering the Immune Responses AgainstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Trial
- BCG revaccination boosts adaptive polyfunctional Th1/Th17 and innate effectors in IGRA+ and IGRA- Indian adults.JCI insight · 2019Trial
- The Synergistic Effects of the Glutathione Precursor, NAC and First-Line Antibiotics in the Granulomatous Response AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Gut-lung axis and microbiome alterations in mycobacterial infections: from pathogenesis to therapeutic potential.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Long non-coding RNAs in tuberculosis: Immune regulation and clinical biomarker potential.iScience · 2026Review
- Study on the therapeutic effects of the primary active ingredients in cinnamon oil for constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and their regulatory effects on the 5-HT signaling pathway and gut microbiota.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunological Determinants of Oncogenic Virus-Driven Cancers in Africa: Mechanisms, Co-Infections and Public Health Challenges.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Live attenuated vaccines alone or in combination with an adenovirus-based vaccine protect mice lacking IFN-γ against pneumonic plague.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Interplay of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis: Insights into Telomere Biology, Oxidative Stress, and Drug Resistance Mechanisms.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Modulation of host lung immunity in Pneumocystis pneumonia: a review of current concepts and future prospects for novel adjunctive immune-based therapies.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Comprehensive tuberculosis screening and preventive treatment in schools and congregate settings of India (2017-2024): a prospective study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Network analysis of symptom clusters among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Crosstalk betweenFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Molecular signaling in coinfection: howFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Host immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by cellular immunity, in which cytokines and Th1 cells play a critical role. In the process of control of the infection by mycobacteria, TNF-alpha seems to have a primordial function. This cytokine acts in synergy with IFN-gamma, stimulating the production of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs), thus mediating the tuberculostatic function of macrophages, and also stimulating the migration of immune cells to the infection site, contributing to granuloma formation, which controls the disease progression. IFN-gamma is the main cytokine involved in the immune response against mycobacteria, and its major function is the activation of macrophages, allowing them to exert its microbicidal role functions. Different from TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, IL-10 is considered primarily an inhibitory cytokine, important to an adequate balance between inflammatory and immunopathologic responses. The increase in IL-10 levels seems to support the survival of mycobacteria in the host. Although there is not yet conclusive studies concerning a clear dichotomy between Th1 and Th2 responses, involving protective immunity and susceptibility to the disease, respectively, we can suggest that the knowledge about this responses based on the prevailing cytokine profile can help to elucidate the immune response related to the protection against M. tuberculosis.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.