ArticlePloS one2012
The Crz1/Sp1 transcription factor of Cryptococcus neoformans is activated by calcineurin and regulates cell wall integrity.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mammalian-evolved strains of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans show adaptation via heritable transcript level differences specific to mouse MHC haplotype.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Emerging fungal threats from the environment-a lesson from Candida auris and a warning about a second candidate, Rhodosporidiobolus fluvialis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Calcineurin-responsive zinc finger 1 (Crz1) contributes to stress tolerance and virulence in the pathogenic fungusInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Integrative Transcriptomic and Systems Biology Analyses IdentifyMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- CcTRP1, a Putative TRP Channel in Cordyceps cicadae, Regulates Hyphal Growth, Stress Responses, and Bioactive Metabolite Biosynthesis.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- The Zinc Finger Protein Zfp2 Regulates Cell-Cell Fusion and Virulence inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Calcium transport systems as virulence determinants: Mechanistic insights into fungal pathogenicity and antifungal resistance.Virulence · 2025Review
- Article
- The calcineurin pathway regulates extreme thermotolerance, cell membrane and wall integrity, antifungal resistance, and virulence in Candida auris.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Regulatory Role of Vacuolar Calcium Transport Proteins in Growth, Calcium Signaling, and Cellulase Production inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Roles of Different Signaling Pathways inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Transcriptional and Post-Translational Roles of Calcineurin in Cationic Stress and Glycerol Biosynthesis inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The CRZ1 transcription factor in plant fungi: regulation mechanism and impact on pathogenesis.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- BIOMOLECULAR ACTIVITY OF CRYPTOCOCCUS DURING CRYPTOCOCCOSIS: A REVIEW OF MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS OF CRYPTOCOCCUS WITH HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM AND BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER.African journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- ATP sulfurylase atypical leucine zipper interacts with Cys3 and calcineurin A in the regulation of sulfur amino acid biosynthesis in Cryptococcus neoformans.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Molecular Dissection of Crz1 and Its Dynamic Subcellular Localization inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Nanosheet-Facilitated Spray Delivery of dsRNAs Represents a Potential Tool to ControlInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Engineered Fluorescent Strains of Cryptococcus neoformans: a Versatile Toolbox for Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Fungal Biology, Including the Viable but Nonculturable State.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans survives host temperature and regulates cell wall integrity via a calcium-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin. However, downstream effectors of C. neoformans calcineurin are largely unknown. In S. cerevisiae and other fungal species, a calcineurin-dependent transcription factor Crz1, translocates to nuclei upon activation and triggers expression of target genes. We now show that the C. neoformans Crz1 ortholog (Crz1/Sp1), previously identified as a protein kinase C target during starvation, is a bona fide target of calcineurin under non-starvation conditions, during cell wall stress and growth at high temperature. Both the calcineurin-defective mutant, Δcna1, and a CRZ1/SP1 mutant (Δcrz1) were susceptible to cell wall perturbing agents. Furthermore, expression of the chitin synthase encoding gene, CHS6, was reduced in both mutants. We tracked the subcellular localization of Crz1-GFP in WT C. neoformans and Δcna1 in response to different stimuli, in the presence and absence of the calcineurin inhibitor, FK506. Exposure to elevated temperature (30-37°C vs 25°C) and extracellular calcium caused calcineurin-dependent nuclear accumulation of Crz1-GFP. Unexpectedly, 1M salt and heat shock triggered calcineurin-independent Crz1-GFP sequestration within cytosolic and nuclear puncta. To our knowledge, punctate cytosolic distribution, as opposed to nuclear targeting, is a unique feature of C. neoformans Crz1. We conclude that Crz1 is selectively activated by calcium/calcineurin-dependent and independent signals depending on the environmental conditions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.