ArticlePloS one2012
Long term 5-year survival of persons with cryptococcal meningitis or asymptomatic subclinical antigenemia in Uganda.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjunctive Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin to Prevent Cryptococcal Meningitis in People With HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Antigenemia and Low Plasma Cryptococcal Antigen Titers.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Trial
- Determinants of two-year mortality among HIV positive patients with Cryptococcal meningitis initiating standard antifungal treatment with or without adjunctive dexamethasone in Uganda.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- Reflexive Laboratory-Based Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Preemptive Fluconazole Therapy for Cryptococcal Antigenemia in HIV-Infected Individuals With CD4 <100 Cells/µL: A Stepped-Wedge, Cluster-Randomized Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Timing of antiretroviral therapy after diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis.The New England journal of medicine · 2014Trial
- Clinical Significance of Serum (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Positivity in Cryptococcosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of Cryptococcosis on the Immune Recovery of Patients with AIDS and Severe Immunosuppression.Mycopathologia · 2025Article
- Outcomes of a 24-month study of patients with HIV with Cryptococcal meningitis on high-dose fluconazole induction in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, between 2012 and 2016.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Active Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannan production prevents elimination of cryptococcal CNS infection in vivo.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Article
- Management and outcome of intracranial fungal infections in children and adults in Africa: a scoping review.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Baseline C-reactive Protein as a Risk Factor for Cryptococcal Meningitis and Death in HIV-associated Cryptococcal Antigenemia With CrAg Titer as an Effect Modifier.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Poor long-term outcomes despite improved hospital survival for patients with cryptococcal meningitis in rural, Northern Uganda.PloS one · 2024Article
- Baseline Cytomegalovirus Viremia at Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnosis Is Associated With Long-term Increased Incident TB Disease and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Ugandan Adults With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated With Cryptoccocal Antigenemia Among Patients With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Eastern Uganda: A Facility-Based Cross-sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Outpatient Cryptococcal Antigen Screening Is Associated With Favorable Baseline Characteristics and Improved Survival in Persons With Cryptococcal Meningitis in Uganda.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Sterile Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture at Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnosis Is Associated with High Mortality.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cytomegalovirus viremia as a risk factor for mortality in HIV-associated cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Review
- High Burden of Cryptococcal Meningitis Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Northern Uganda in the Era of "Test and Treat": Implications for Cryptococcal Screening Programs.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Data presented previously as an abstract at the 2011 CUGH Global Health Conference in Montreal, Canada on 15 Nov 2011. The long-term survival of HIV-infected persons with symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis and asymptomatic, subclinical cryptococcal antigenemia (CRAG+) is unknown. We prospectively enrolled 25 asymptomatic, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve CRAG+ Ugandans with CD4<100 cells/mcL who received pre-emptive fluconazole treatment (CRAG+ cohort) and 189 ART-naïve Ugandans with symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis treated with amphotericin (CM cohort). The 10-week survival was 84% (95%CI: 70-98%) in the CRAG+ cohort and 57% (95%CI: 50%-64%) in the CM cohort. The CRAG+ cohort had improved five-year survival of 76% (95%CI: 59%-93%) compared to 42% (95%CI: 35%-50%) in the CM cohort (P = 0.001). The two cohorts had similar immunosuppression pre-ART with median CD4 counts of 15 vs. 21 CD4/mcL in the CRAG+ and CM cohorts, respectively (P = 0.45). Despite substantial early mortality, subsequent 5-year survival of persons surviving 6-months was excellent (>88%), demonstrating that long term survival is possible in resource-limited settings. Pre-ART CRAG screening with preemptive fluconazole treatment and improved CM treatment(s) are needed to reduce AIDS-attributable mortality due to cryptococcosis which remains 20-25% in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.