ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2013
Adherence and viral suppression among infants and young children initiating protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with unsuppressed HIV viral load among children under 15 years in sub-Saharan africa: a systematic review.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Virologic re-suppression and the associated factors among children aged 1-9 years on Antiretroviral Therapy in The Aids Support Organization Soroti Region, Uganda: a retrospective cohort analysis.African health sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Potential of Long-Acting Products to Transform the Treatment and Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Infants, Children, and Adolescents.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Viral Response among Early Treated HIV Perinatally Infected Infants: Description of a Cohort in Southern Mozambique.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Altered Response Pattern following AZD5582 Treatment of SIV-Infected, ART-Suppressed Rhesus Macaque Infants.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Importance of support groups to the health and well-being of vulnerable children and young people living with HIV: a case study of the Kids Clubs program in Haiti.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Therapeutic vaccination of SIV-infected, ART-treated infant rhesus macaques using Ad48/MVA in combination with TLR-7 stimulation.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Viral suppression among children and their caregivers living with HIV in western Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- HIV Viral Load Suppression in Adults and Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy-Results From the IeDEA Collaboration.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
- Assessing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a Rural Paediatric Cohort in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2016Article
- Sequencing paediatric antiretroviral therapy in the context of a public health approach.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Review
- Getting to 90-90-90 in paediatric HIV: What is needed?Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy are considered necessary to achieve viral suppression. We analyzed data from a cohort of HIV-infected children who were <2 years of age receiving protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy to investigate associations between viral suppression and adherence ascertained using different methods.
methodsData were from the prerandomization phase of a clinical trial in South Africa of HIV-infected children initiating either ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) or ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy. At scheduled visits during the first 24 weeks of enrollment, study pharmacists measured quantities of medications returned to the clinic. Caregivers answered questionnaires on missed doses and adherence barriers. Associations between adherence and viral suppression (HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL) were investigated by regimen.
resultsBy 24 weeks, 197 of the 269 (73%) children achieved viral suppression. There was no association between viral suppression and caregiver reported missed doses or adherence barriers. For children receiving the LPV/r-based regimen, medication return adherence to each of the 3 drugs in the regimen (LPV/r, lamivudine or stavudine) individually or together was associated with viral suppression at different adherence thresholds. For example, <85% adherence to any of the 3 medications significantly increased odds of lack of viral suppression (odds ratio: 2.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-4.07, P = 0.004). In contrast, for children receiving the ritonavir-based regimen, there was no consistent pattern of association between medication return and viral suppression.
conclusionsCaregiver reports of missed doses did not predict virologic response to treatment. Pharmacist medication reconciliation correlated strongly with virologic response for children taking a LPV/r-based regimen and appears to be a valid method for measuring pediatric adherence.
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