Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23248266›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013

Engineering antigens for in situ erythrocyte binding induces T-cell deletion.

Stephan Kontos, Iraklis C Kourtis, Karen Y Dane, Jeffrey A Hubbell

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 193 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Design, build and test of a targeted synthetic protein strategy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Immunomodulatory Delivery Materials for Tissue Repair.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Strategies to Enhance Protein Delivery.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025
    Review
  12. Cell-drug conjugates.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Biomaterial Strategies for Selective Immune Tolerance: Advances and Gaps.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Stephan KontosInstitute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Iraklis C Kourtis
Karen Y Dane
Jeffrey A Hubbell
Bioengineering Center · RUUniversity of Miami · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antigens derived from apoptotic cell debris can drive clonal T-cell deletion or anergy, and antigens chemically coupled ex vivo to apoptotic cell surfaces have been shown correspondingly to induce tolerance on infusion. Reasoning that a large number of erythrocytes become apoptotic (eryptotic) and are cleared each day, we engineered two different antigen constructs to target the antigen to erythrocyte cell surfaces after i.v. injection, one using a conjugate with an erythrocyte-binding peptide and another using a fusion with an antibody fragment, both targeting the erythrocyte-specific cell surface marker glycophorin A. Here, we show that erythrocyte-binding antigen is collected much more efficiently than free antigen by splenic and hepatic immune cell populations and hepatocytes, and that it induces antigen-specific deletional responses in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. We further validated T-cell deletion driven by erythrocyte-binding antigens using a transgenic islet β cell-reactive CD4(+) T-cell adoptive transfer model of autoimmune type 1 diabetes: Treatment with the peptide antigen fused to an erythrocyte-binding antibody fragment completely prevented diabetes onset induced by the activated, autoreactive CD4(+) T cells. Thus, we report a translatable modular biomolecular approach with which to engineer antigens for targeted binding to erythrocyte cell surfaces to induce antigen-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell deletion toward exogenous antigens and autoantigens.

Indexed as

Adoptive TransferAmino Acid SequenceAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsApoptosisBlood GlucoseBlood Group AntigensCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesClonal AnergyDiabetes MellitusErythrocytesFemaleFlow CytometryGlycophorinsMiceBlood GlucoseBlood Group AntigensGlycophorinsPeptidesTER-119 antigen, mouse

Identifiers

PMID23248266
PMCPMC3538192
OpenAlexW2172268285

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.