ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2013
Improving the efficacy of RAAS blockade in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Controversial issues in CKD clinical practice: position statement of the CKD-treatment working group of the Italian Society of Nephrology.Journal of nephrology · 2017Guideline
- Organic Anion Transporter Gene Variants Associated With Plasma Exposure and Long-Term Response to Atrasentan in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Review
- Lupus nephritis-related chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Hyperkalemia Incidence in Patients With Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study From United States Clinical Care.Kidney medicine · 2024Article
- Identifying mitigating strategies for endothelial cell dysfunction and hypertension in response to VEGF receptor inhibitors.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2024Article
- Echocardiographic manifestations in end-stage renal disease.Heart failure reviews · 2024Review
- Unraveling Chronic Cardiovascular and Kidney Disorder through the Butterfly Effect.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bariatric surgery for diabetic comorbidities: A focus on hepatic, cardiac and renal fibrosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Synergic Renoprotective Effects of Combined ASC Therapy with RAAS Blockade in Experimental Advanced CKD.Stem cells international · 2022Article
- Angiotensin-[1-7] attenuates kidney injury in experimental Alport syndrome.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Identification of Common Genes and Pathways in Eight Fibrosis Diseases.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Escaping residual albuminuria in hypertension: should we start eplerenone or reduce salt intake?Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Article
- Evolving concepts in the pathogenesis of uraemic cardiomyopathy.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2019Review
- Pathological presentation of cardiac mitochondria in a rat model for chronic kidney disease.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Diabetes: Mechanisms, Clinical Significance, and Treatment.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2017Review
- Keap1 hypomorphism protects against ischemic and obstructive kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Social Determinants of Racial Disparities in CKD.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2016Review
- A practical approach to dietary interventions for nondialysis-dependent CKD patients: the experience of a reference nephrology center in Brazil.BMC nephrology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reduction of blood pressure and proteinuria by blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has been the cornerstone of renoprotective intervention for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for many years. Despite the proven efficacy of RAAS blockade, however, the reduction in proteinuria is insufficient in many patients, and does not prevent further deterioration of renal function. Short-term studies have shown that a variety of treatment intensification strategies have a beneficial effect on blood pressure and proteinuria, including RAAS blockade using either dose escalation or multiple drugs, and restriction of dietary sodium. Large clinical trials have shown that RAAS blockade with multiple drugs does not improve patients' long-term renal or cardiovascular outcome. By contrast, two post-hoc analyses of landmark trials in nephrology show beneficial renal and cardiovascular effects from avoiding excessive dietary sodium intake during single-agent RAAS blockade therapy. The effects of dietary sodium restriction on renal or cardiovascular outcome still require prospective confirmation. However, current data support the implementation of lifestyle changes to reduce dietary sodium intake in combination with single-agent RAAS blockade, rather than dual-agent RAAS blockade, as a potent and feasible strategy to mitigate the burden of renal and cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.