Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23245351›Full record

ArticleHuman genomics2012

The human protein disulfide isomerase gene family.

James J Galligan, Dennis R Petersen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human genomics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
145citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

145 citing papers in PubMed, 266 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Disulphide maintenance systems and proteostasis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026
    Review
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  18. Tmx2 Maintains Mitochondrial Function to Support Preimplantation Embryogenesis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

James J GalliganDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Dennis R Petersen
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · US

Funding

Lipid Aldehyde and Ethanol Induced Liver DamageR37AA009300 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI PETERSEN, DENNIS · 2008 to 2017
$4.4M
Proteomic profiling of NASH: disease mechanisms and novel treatmentR01DK074487 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI PETERSEN, DENNIS · 2007 to 2011
$1.5M
Modification of PDI by 4-HNE and 4-ONE and its Role in Ethanol-Induced ER StressF31AA018606 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI GALLIGAN, JAMES J · 2009 to 2011
$77k
NIAAA NIH HHS F31 AA018606NIAAA NIH HHS F31AA018606-01NIAAA NIH HHS R37 AA009300NIAAA NIH HHS R37AA09300NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK074487NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK074487-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enzyme-mediated disulfide bond formation is a highly conserved process affecting over one-third of all eukaryotic proteins. The enzymes primarily responsible for facilitating thiol-disulfide exchange are members of an expanding family of proteins known as protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs). These proteins are part of a larger superfamily of proteins known as the thioredoxin protein family (TRX). As members of the PDI family of proteins, all proteins contain a TRX-like structural domain and are predominantly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Subcellular localization and the presence of a TRX domain, however, comprise the short list of distinguishing features required for gene family classification. To date, the PDI gene family contains 21 members, varying in domain composition, molecular weight, tissue expression, and cellular processing. Given their vital role in protein-folding, loss of PDI activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of numerous disease states, most commonly related to the unfolded protein response (UPR). Over the past decade, UPR has become a very attractive therapeutic target for multiple pathologies including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease, and type-2 diabetes. Understanding the mechanisms of protein-folding, specifically thiol-disulfide exchange, may lead to development of a novel class of therapeutics that would help alleviate a wide range of diseases by targeting the UPR.

Indexed as

Multigene FamilyUnfolded Protein ResponseAlgorithmsDatabases, GeneticEndoplasmic ReticulumEvolution, MolecularHumansProtein Disulfide-IsomerasesProtein FoldingSequence AlignmentThioredoxinsProtein Disulfide-IsomerasesThioredoxins

Identifiers

PMID23245351
PMCPMC3500226
OpenAlexW2135296179

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.