ArticleCancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society2013
Shaping of NK cell responses by the tumor microenvironment.
Article in Cancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Distinct NK cell dynamics in SARIFA positive colorectal cancer patients indicate persistent patient-intrinsic immune signatures after tumor resection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High expression of USP15 affects tumor progression and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology forum · 2026Article
- Immune cell-based therapies for solid tumors, current challenges and therapeutic advances.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Targeting.Cells · 2025Review
- Precision targeting of rhabdomyosarcoma by combining primary CAR NK cells and radiotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- CAR-NK cells: harnessing the power of natural killers for advanced cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Promising immunotherapeutic targets in lung cancer based on single-cell RNA sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Chemical screening identifies novel small molecule activators of natural killer cell cytotoxicity against cancer cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Article
- Review
- Hypoxia-immune-related microenvironment prognostic signature for osteosarcoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Tumor-Derived Lactate Creates a Favorable Niche for TumorFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Innate-like NKp30Oncoimmunology · 2021Article
- Cross-Talk Between Tumor Cells Undergoing Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Natural Killer Cells in Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Review
- NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2020Review
- NK Cell-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Targeting Cancer Stem Cells by Genetically Engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Review
- The Roles of circRNAs in Liver Cancer Immunity.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- An Historical Overview: The Discovery of How NK Cells Can Kill Enemies, Recruit Defense Troops, and More.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells belong to the innate immune system and are potent cytolytic and cytokine-producing effector cells in response to tumor targets. NK cell based anti-tumor immunotherapy was so far mainly successful in patients with different types of leukemia. For instance, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients displayed a prolonged survival if transplanted with haploidentical stem cells giving rise to NK cells with a mismatch in inhibitory killer immunoglobulin receptors (KIRs) and recipients' HLA class I. Although promising results have been achieved with hematological tumors, solid tumors are in most cases poorly controlled by NK cells. Therapeutic protocols that aimed at improving NK cell responses in patients with solid malignancies succeeded in increasing NK cell numbers and functional responses of NK cells isolated from the patients' peripheral blood. However, in the majority of cases tumor progression and overall survival of patients were not significantly improved. There is increasing evidence that tumor-associated NK cells become gradually impaired during tumor progression compared to NK cells from peripheral blood and healthy tissues. Future protocols of NK cell based immunotherapy should integrate three important aspects to improve NK cell anti-tumor activity: facilitating NK cell migration to the tumor site, enhancing their infiltration into the tumor tissue and ensuring subsequent efficient activation in the tumor. This review summarizes the current knowledge of tumor-infiltrating NK cells and the influence of the tumor microenvironment on their phenotype and function.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.