Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23239121›Full record

Trial reportHuman genetics2013

Linkage analysis of a large African family segregating stuttering suggests polygenic inheritance.

M Hashim Raza, E Michael Gertz, Jennifer Mundorff, Joseph Lukong, Judith Kuster, Alejandro A Schäffer, Dennis Drayna

Open access · greenAbstract readClinical TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Human genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Unraveling Stuttering Through a Multi-Omics Lens.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Evaluation of recurrentAdvanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Genetic contributions to stuttering: the current evidence.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2017
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

M Hashim RazaNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
E Michael Gertz
Jennifer Mundorff
Joseph Lukong
Judith Kuster
Alejandro A Schäffer
Dennis Drayna
National Institutes of Health · USMinnesota State University, Mankato · USNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders · US

Funding

Genetic Studies of Human Communications DisordersZIADC000046 · NIDCD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS · PI DRAYNA, DENNIS · 2009 to 2019
$21.1M
COMPARATIVE AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF HEARINGT32DC000046 · NIDCD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI Catherine Emily Carr, Matthew J. Goupell · 1994 to 2026
$7.5M
Case Studies In GeneticsZIALM000097 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI SCHAFFER, ALEJANDRO A · 2009 to 2019
$4.6M
Linkage/Positional Cloning In Communication DisordersZ01DC000046 · NIDCD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS · PI DRAYNA, DENNIS · 1998 to 2008
$3.3M
Case Studies In GeneticsZ01LM000097 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI SCHAFFER, ALEJANDRO A · 2002 to 2008
$452k
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 DC000046Intramural NIH HHS Z01 LM000097Intramural NIH HHS Z99 DC999999Intramural NIH HHS Z99 LM999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DC000046NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC000046
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe a pedigree of 71 individuals from the Republic of Cameroon in which at least 33 individuals have a clinical diagnosis of persistent stuttering. The high concentration of stuttering individuals suggests that the pedigree either contains a single highly penetrant gene variant or that assortative mating led to multiple stuttering-associated variants being transmitted in different parts of the pedigree. No single locus displayed significant linkage to stuttering in initial genome-wide scans with microsatellite and SNP markers. By dividing the pedigree into five subpedigrees, we found evidence for linkage to previously reported loci on 3q and 15q, and to novel loci on 2p, 3p, 14q, and a different region of 15q. Using the two-locus mode of Superlink, we showed that combining the recessive locus on 2p and a single-locus additive representation of the 15q loci is sufficient to achieve a two-locus score over 6 on the entire pedigree. For this 2p + 15q analysis, we show LOD scores ranging from 4.69 to 6.57, and the scores are sensitive to which marker is chosen for 15q. Our findings provide strong evidence for linkage at several loci.

Indexed as

FamilyGenetic LociLod ScoreMultifactorial InheritanceBlack PeopleCameroonChromosomes, Human, Pair 15Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3FemaleGenetic MarkersHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideStutteringGenetic Markers

Identifiers

PMID23239121
PMCPMC3600087
OpenAlexW2045505228

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.