ArticleThyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association2013
The risk of second cancers after diagnosis of primary thyroid cancer is elevated in thyroid microcarcinomas.
Article in Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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61 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Second primary malignancy risk in thyroid cancer and matched patients with and without radioiodine therapy analysis from the observational health data sciences and informatics.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022Pooled it
- Thyroid and renal cancers: A bidirectional association.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Temporal trends in the risk of developing multiple primary cancers: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2016Pooled it
- The Breast-Thyroid Cancer Link: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2016Pooled it
- Risk prediction of second primary malignant tumor in primary differentiated thyroid cancer patients: a population-based study.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Trial
- Impact of Dual Thyroid and Prostate Cancer Diagnosis on Patient Survival: Insights From a Large Cohort Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Bridging Andrology and Oncology: Prognostic Indicators of Cancer Among Infertile Men.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Causes of death among patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- Simultaneous medullary thyroid carcinoma and primary non-small cell lung cancer: case report and literature review.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and survival of breast cancer patients with extramammary malignancies in a single Asian center over the past 23 years.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in the risk of second primary malignancies in differentiated thyroid cancer patients: a population-based study.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis reveals shared pathogenesis and prognostic biomarkers in breast and thyroid cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Risk of Second Primary Cancer Among Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma in Finland: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2025Article
- Analyzing Comorbidity Patterns in Patients With Thyroid Disease Using Large-Scale Electronic Medical Records: Network-Based Retrospective Observational Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Telomere-lengthening germline variants predispose to a syndromic papillary thyroid cancer subtype.American journal of human genetics · 2024Article
- All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors in the United States.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Article
- Impact of thyroid hormone replacement on the risk of second cancer after thyroidectomy: a Korean National Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Risk of Subsequent Primary Cancer in Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Second Primary Cancer Among Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Following the Chernobyl Disaster.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Sexual disparity and the risk of second primary thyroid cancer: a paradox.Gland surgery · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThyroid cancers have increased dramatically over the past few decades. Comorbidities may be important, and previous studies have indicated elevated second cancer risk after initial primary thyroid cancers. This study examined the risk of second cancers after development of a thyroid cancer, primary utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database.
methodsThe cohort consisted of men and women diagnosed with first primary thyroid cancer who were reported to a SEER database in 1973-2008 (n=52,103). Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated for all secondary cancers. Confidence intervals and p-values are at 0.05 significance alpha level and are two-sided based on Poisson exact methods.
resultsIn this cohort, 4457 individuals developed second cancers. The risk of developing second cancers after a primary thyroid cancer varied from 10% to 150% depending on different cancer types. Cancers in all sites, breast, skin, prostate, kidney, brain, salivary gland, second thyroid, lymphoma, myeloma, and leukemia were elevated. The magnitude of the risk varied by histology, tumor size, calendar year of first primary thyroid cancer diagnosis, and the treatment of the primary thyroid cancer. The risk of a second cancer was elevated in patients whose first primary thyroid carcinomas were small, or were diagnosed after 1994, or in whom some form of radiation treatment was administered.
conclusionsThis large population-based analysis of second cancers among thyroid cancer patients suggests that there was an increase of second cancers in all sites, and the most commonly elevated second cancers were the salivary gland and kidney. Additionally, the increase in second cancers in patients with recently diagnosed thyroid microcarcinomas (<10 mm) suggests that aggressive radiation treatment of the first primary thyroid cancer, the environment, and genetic susceptibility, may increase the risk of a second cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.