Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23234548›Full record

ArticleFuture medicinal chemistry2012

Ferrous iron-dependent delivery of therapeutic agents to the malaria parasite.

Sumit S Mahajan, Jiri Gut, Philip J Rosenthal, Adam R Renslo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Future medicinal chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Ferrous iron-dependent drug delivery enables controlled and selective release of therapeutic agents in vivo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sumit S MahajanSmall Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, Byers Hall 503D, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Jiri Gut
Philip J Rosenthal
Adam R Renslo

Funding

Chemical Methods for Ferrous Iron Dependent Drug DeliveryR01AI105106 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI RENSLO, ADAM R · 2013 to 2022
$4.6M
Chemical Methods for Ferrous Iron Targeted Drug DeliveryR21AI094433 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BOGYO, MATTHEW, RENSLO, ADAM R · 2011 to 2012
$443k
NIAID NIH HHS AI094433NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI105106NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI094433
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax generate significant concentrations of free unbound ferrous iron heme as a side product of hemoglobin degradation. The presence of these chemically reactive forms of iron, rare in healthy cells, presents an opportunity for parasite-selective drug delivery. Accordingly, our group is developing technologies for the targeted delivery of therapeutics to the intra-erythrocytic malaria parasite. These so-called 'fragmenting hybrids' employ a 1,2,4-trioxolane ring system as an iron(II)-sensing 'trigger' moiety and a 'traceless' retro-Michael linker to which a variety of partner drug species may be attached. After ferrous iron-promoted activation in the parasite, the partner drug is released via a β-elimination reaction.

methodsIn this report, we describe three orthogonal experimental approaches that were explored in order to generate in vitro proof-of-concept for ferrous iron-dependent drug delivery from a prototypical fragmenting hybrid.

conclusionStudies of two fragmenting hybrids by orthogonal approaches confirm that a partner drug species can be delivered to live P. falciparum parasites. A key advantage of this approach is the potential to mask a partner drug's intrinsic bioactivity prior to release in the parasite.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntimalarialsDrug Delivery SystemsErythrocytesFerrous CompoundsHumansMalaria, FalciparumPlasmodium falciparumProdrugsAntimalarialsFerrous CompoundsProdrugs

Identifiers

PMID23234548
PMCPMC3574796

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.