Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23234474›Full record

ArticleACS nano2013

Polymeric nucleic acid vehicles exploit active interorganelle trafficking mechanisms.

Katye M Fichter, Nilesh P Ingle, Patrick M McLendon, Theresa M Reineke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

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  18. Insight into nanoparticle cellular uptake and intracellular targeting.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2014
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Katye M FichterDepartment Chemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA.
Nilesh P Ingle
Patrick M McLendon
Theresa M Reineke

Funding

Illuminating the Mechanistic Pathways of Polymer-Mediated Nucleic Acid DeliveryDP2OD006669 · OD · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI REINEKE, THERESA M · 2009 to 2010
$2.5M
Myocardial gene delivery with novel polymeric agentsR21EB003938 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI REINEKE, THERESA M · 2004 to 2005
$413k
NIBIB NIH HHS 1-R21-EB3938-01NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB003938NIH HHS DP2 OD006669NIH HHS DP2-OD006669-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Materials that self-assemble with nucleic acids into nanocomplexes (e.g. polyplexes) are widely used in many fundamental biological and biomedical experiments. However, understanding the intracellular transport mechanisms of these vehicles remains a major hurdle in their effective usage. Here, we investigate two polycation models, Glycofect (which slowly degrades via hydrolysis) and linear polyethyleneimine (PEI) (which does not rapidly hydrolyze), to determine the impact of polymeric structure on intracellular trafficking. Cells transfected using Glycofect underwent increasing transgene expression over the course of 40 h and remained benign over the course of 7 days. Transgene expression in cells transfected with PEI peaked at 16 h post-transfection and resulted in less than 10% survival after 7 days. While saccharide-containing Glycofect has a higher buffering capacity than PEI, polyplexes created with Glycofect demonstrate more sustained endosomal release, possibly suggesting an additional or alternative delivery mechanism to the classical "proton sponge mechanism". PEI appeared to promote release of DNA from acidic organelles more than Glycofect. Immunofluorescence images indicate that both Glycofect and linear PEI traffic oligodeoxynucleotides to the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum, which may be a route towards nuclear delivery. However, Glycofect polyplexes demonstrated higher co-localization with the ER than PEI polyplexes, and co-localization experiments indicate the retrograde transport of polyplexes via COP I vesicles from the Golgi to the ER. We conclude that slow release and unique trafficking behaviors of Glycofect polyplexes may be due to the presence of saccharide units and the degradable nature of the polymer, allowing more efficacious and benign delivery.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell LineDNAMolecular ImagingMuscle CellsNanocapsulesOrganellesRatsTransfectionDNANanocapsules

Identifiers

PMID23234474
PMCPMC3586558

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.