ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2013
Smell and autoimmunity: a comprehensive review.
Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Italian Olfactory Identification Test in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Association of Olfactory Impairment With Chronic Damage and Anti-βACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Physiopathology of nasal and ecnomotopic olfactory receptors: focus on molecular pathways and potential pharmacological modulation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Sense of Smell in Individuals with Fibromyalgia: a Tractography Study.Clinical neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Motor Cortex Disinhibition Correlates with Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Beyond Skin Deep: Olfactory Dysfunction as a Common Problem Among Chinese Hereditary Angioedema Patients.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025Article
- Qualitative and Quantitative Sex-Related Differences in the Perception of Single Molecules from Coffee Headspace.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Study on the Effects of Hypothyroidism on the Senses: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Effect of theNutrients · 2024Article
- Association among Olfactory Function, Lifestyle and BMI in Female and Male Elderly Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Smell and Taste Function and Their Disturbances in Sjögren's Syndrome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Evaluation of peripheral olfactory pathways in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and Autoimmune Liver Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Review
- MOSES: A New Approach to Integrate Interactome Topology and Functional Features for Disease Gene Prediction.Genes · 2021Article
- Olfactory dysfunction in primary Sjogren's syndrome and its correlation with dry eye.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2021Article
- The SARS-CoV-2 as an instrumental trigger of autoimmunity.Autoimmunity reviews · 2021Review
- Article
- COVID-19 Immunobiology: Lessons Learned, New Questions Arise.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Acute Systemic Experimental Inflammation Does Not Reduce Human Odor Identification Performance.Chemical senses · 2021Article
- Age-Related Olfactory Decline Is Associated With Levels of Exercise and Non-exercise Physical Activities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The sense of smell is an ancient sensory modality vital for sampling and perceiving the chemical composition of surrounding environments. Olfaction involves a pathway of biochemical and electrophysiological processes, which allows the conversion of molecular information into sensations. Disturbances in the olfactory function have been investigated mainly in neurological/neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases; impaired sense of smell has been associated with depressed mood. Only recently, smell capability was tested in other diseases, particularly autoimmune diseases. Shoenfeld and colleagues opened this chapter showing that patients affected with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have disturbances in their olfactory functions and revealed its association with neuropsychiatric manifestations of the disease. This evidence was confirmed in experimental models and replicated in other SLE populations. The connection between autoimmunity and the sense of smell was lately emphasized by studies on patients with Sjögren's syndrome and in patients with other autoimmune/immune-mediated diseases, such as polydermatomyositis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and hereditary angioedema. Genetic susceptibility and hormonal and environmental factors may play a role in these conditions. Olfactory receptor gene clusters are located in proximity to key locus of susceptibility for autoimmune diseases such as the major histocompatibility complex, suggesting not only a physic linkage, but a functional association. Nonetheless, gender- and hormone-mediated effects are fundamental in the development of autoimmune diseases. The different connections between smell and autoimmunity, genes and hormones may suggest that this is another tessera of a mosaic which is waiting the answer of Oedipus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.