ArticleFrontiers in immunology2012
Good news-bad news: the Yin and Yang of immune privilege in the eye.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for the Diagnosis of Infectious Uveitis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Homocysteine and mitophagy in diabetic retinopathy: unraveling the underlying molecular crosstalk.Endocrine · 2026Review
- Gut-derived hyodeoxycholate reprograms the spleen-eye immunometabolic axis to suppress autoimmune uveitis.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy in Ocular Fungal Infections: Advances and Emerging Strategies.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Tissue resident memory T cells populate the human uveal tract.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Checkpoint inhibition and beyond: Precision immune engineering for the immune-privileged landscape of ocular malignancies.BioImpacts : BI · 2026Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts as architects of acquired immune-privileged-like niches in gastrointestinal cancers: lessons from ocular immune privilege and barrier biology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of changes in mean choroidal thickness before and after treatment with steroids and laser photocoagulation in patients with Eales' disease.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- IL-23 drives uveitis by acting on a population of tissue-resident entheseal T cells.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Multi-omics Mendelian Randomization Reveals Immunometabolic Signatures of the Gut Microbiota in Optic Neuritis and the Potential Therapeutic Role of Vitamin B6.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Bovine ocular microbiome: the next frontier in managing Pinkeye in cattle.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Neopterin Levels and Immune Response in Autoimmune Uveitis in an Experiment.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2025Article
- The neuroimmune interface in retinal regeneration.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Antigen-specific polyfunctional cytotoxic T cells differentiate intraocular from peripheral blood immune responses in posterior uveitis.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- The role of IGF2BP2 in macrophage-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of dry AMD.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Evolution of the ocular immune system.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Concurrent classical and hypervirulentFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- The microbiome exists in the neuroretina and choroid in normal conditions and responds rapidly to retinal injury.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- A Better Understanding of the Clinical and Pathological Changes in Viral Retinitis: Steps to Improve Visual Outcomes.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Doxorubicin-loaded DNA origami nanostructures: stability in vitreous and their uptake and toxicity in ocular cells.Nanoscale · 2024Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The eye and the brain are prototypical tissues manifesting immune privilege (IP) in which immune responses to foreign antigens, particularly alloantigens are suppressed, and even completely inhibited. Explanations for this phenomenon are numerous and mostly reflect our evolving understanding of the molecular and cellular processes underpinning immunological responses generally. IP is now viewed as a property of many tissues and the level of expression of IP varies not only with the tissue but with the nature of the foreign antigen and changes in the limited conditions under which privilege can operate as a mechanism of immunological tolerance. As a result, IP functions normally as a homeostatic mechanism preserving normal function in tissues, particularly those with highly specialized function and limited capacity for renewal such as the eye and brain. However, IP is relatively easily bypassed in the face of a sufficiently strong immunological response, and the privileged tissues may be at greater risk of collateral damage because its natural defenses are more easily breached than in a fully immunocompetent tissue which rapidly rejects foreign antigen and restores integrity. This two-edged sword cuts its swathe through the eye: under most circumstances, IP mechanisms such as blood-ocular barriers, intraocular immune modulators, induction of T regulatory cells, lack of lymphatics, and other properties maintain tissue integrity; however, when these are breached, various degrees of tissue damage occur from severe tissue destruction in retinal viral infections and other forms of uveoretinal inflammation, to less severe inflammatory responses in conditions such as macular degeneration. Conversely, ocular IP and tumor-related IP can combine to permit extensive tumor growth and increased risk of metastasis thus threatening the survival of the host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.