Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23229226›Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2013

Treatment of acute relapses in multiple sclerosis.

Regina Berkovich

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Efficacy and safety of tolebrutinib in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Multiple sclerosis: molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis Mechanism and Biomarkers.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Association between relapses, stress, and depression in people with multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Regina BerkovichMultiple Sclerosis Center and Research Group, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. rberkovi@usc.edu
University of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. The most common clinical type of MS tends to follow a relapsing course, affecting the vast majority of patients living with this disease. Relapses are a hallmark of MS, and are often associated with significant functional impairment and decreased quality of life. Although usually followed by a period of remission, residual symptoms after MS relapses may persist and lead to sustained disability. Adequate management of MS relapses is important, as it may help to shorten and lessen the disability associated with their course. Historically, treatment of MS relapse was the first approach (and for a period of time, the only approach) to MS treatment in general. Systemic corticosteroids and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have broad regulatory approval and remain the most established and validated treatment options for MS relapse. Therapeutic mechanisms of ACTH were previously associated (perhaps mistakenly) with only corticotropic actions; however, recently the direct anti-inflammatory effects and immunomodulatory activity of ACTH gel acting through melanocortin pathways have been shown. Second-line treatments of steroid-unresponsive MS relapses and a possible algorithm for MS relapse management are also reviewed in this article.

Indexed as

Adrenal Cortex HormonesAdrenocorticotropic HormoneHumansImmunologic FactorsMultiple SclerosisRecurrenceAdrenal Cortex HormonesAdrenocorticotropic HormoneImmunologic Factors

Identifiers

PMID23229226
PMCPMC3557364
OpenAlexW2006568023

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.