ReviewJournal of pregnancy2012
Antenatal steroids and the IUGR fetus: are exposure and physiological effects on the lung and cardiovascular system the same as in normally grown fetuses?
Review in Journal of pregnancy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antenatal corticosteroids in preterm small-for-gestational age infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2020Pooled it
- Glucocorticoids in pregnancy: a master-switch for fetal maturation.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Moderate maternal nutrient restriction alters type II alveolar epithelial cell density in the non-human primate fetal lung.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- The protective effect of maternal electroacupuncture on prenatal nicotine exposure-induced intrauterine growth restriction in rats by improving placental angiogenesis.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-specific effects of betamethasone on glucocorticoid and apoptotic signalling pathways in the sheep placenta.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Antenatal Corticosteroids in Early and Late Fetal Growth Restriction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Abnormal chenodexycholic acid metabolism programming promotes cartilage matrix degradation in male adult offspring rats induced by prenatal caffeine exposure.Toxicology research · 2025Article
- Maternal MitoQ Treatment Is Protective Against Programmed Alterations in CYP Activity Due to Antenatal Dexamethasone.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Perinatal glucocorticoid sensitivity in the preterm newborn: molecular mechanisms, endogenous determinants, and clinical implications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Transferring an extremely premature infant to an extra-uterine life support system: a prospective view on the obstetric procedure.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Prenatal ethanol exposure and changes in fetal neuroendocrine metabolic programming.Biological research · 2023Review
- MitoQ as an antenatal antioxidant treatment improves markers of lung maturation in healthy and hypoxic pregnancy.The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Inadequate Timing Limits the Benefit of Antenatal Corticosteroids on Neonatal Outcome: Retrospective Analysis of a High-Risk Cohort of Preterm Infants in a Tertiary Center in Germany.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2022Article
- The Price of Surviving on Adrenaline: Developmental Programming Responses to Chronic Fetal Hypercatecholaminemia Contribute to Poor Muscle Growth Capacity and Metabolic Dysfunction in IUGR-Born Offspring.Frontiers in animal science · 2021Article
- Normalisation of surfactant protein -A and -B expression in the lungs of low birth weight lambs by 21 days old.PloS one · 2017Article
- Antenatal Dexamethasone Exposure in Preterm Infants Is Associated with Allergic Diseases and the Mental Development Index in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Pregnancy outcomes following the administration of high doses of dexamethasone in early pregnancy.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2016Article
- Review
- Glucocorticoid signaling in the heart: A cardiomyocyte perspective.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2015Review
- Expression of eight glucocorticoid receptor isoforms in the human preterm placenta vary with fetal sex and birthweight.Placenta · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm labour to promote fetal lung surfactant maturation. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with an increased risk of preterm labour. Hence, IUGR babies may be exposed to antenatal glucocorticoids. The ability of the placenta or blood brain barrier to remove glucocorticoids from the fetal compartment or the brain is compromised in the IUGR fetus, which may have implications for lung, brain, and heart development. There is conflicting evidence on the effect of exogenous glucocorticoids on surfactant protein expression in different animal models of IUGR. Furthermore, the IUGR fetus undergoes significant cardiovascular adaptations, including altered blood pressure regulation, which is in conflict with glucocorticoid-induced alterations in blood pressure and flow. Hence, antenatal glucocorticoid therapy in the IUGR fetus may compromise regulation of cardiovascular development. The role of cortisol in cardiomyocyte development is not clear with conflicting evidence in different species and models of IUGR. Further studies are required to study the effects of antenatal glucocorticoids on lung, brain, and heart development in the IUGR fetus. Of specific interest are the aetiology of IUGR and the resultant degree, duration, and severity of hypoxemia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.