Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23226122›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2012

Multivariate autoregressive models with exogenous inputs for intracerebral responses to direct electrical stimulation of the human brain.

Jui-Yang Chang, Andrea Pigorini, Marcello Massimini, Giulio Tononi, Lino Nobili, Barry D Van Veen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Quantifying State-Dependent Control Properties of Brain Dynamics from Perturbation Responses.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  9. Effect of Closed-Loop Direct Electrical Stimulation during Sleep Spindles in Humans.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2020
    Article
  10. Model-based design for seizure control by stimulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Unified framework for information integration based on information geometry.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016
    Article
  15. Article
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jui-Yang ChangDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA.
Andrea Pigorini
Marcello Massimini
Giulio Tononi
Lino Nobili
Barry D Van Veen

Funding

EEG Estimation of Cortical ConnectivityR21EB009749 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI VAN VEEN, BARRY D · 2010 to 2011
$385k
NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB009749
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model with exogenous inputs (MVARX) is developed for describing the cortical interactions excited by direct electrical current stimulation of the cortex. Current stimulation is challenging to model because it excites neurons in multiple locations both near and distant to the stimulation site. The approach presented here models these effects using an exogenous input that is passed through a bank of filters, one for each channel. The filtered input and a random input excite a MVAR system describing the interactions between cortical activity at the recording sites. The exogenous input filter coefficients, the autoregressive coefficients, and random input characteristics are estimated from the measured activity due to current stimulation. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated using intracranial recordings from three surgical epilepsy patients. We evaluate models for wakefulness and NREM sleep in these patients with two stimulation levels in one patient and two stimulation sites in another resulting in a total of 10 datasets. Excellent agreement between measured and model-predicted evoked responses is obtained across all datasets. Furthermore, one-step prediction is used to show that the model also describes dynamics in pre-stimulus and evoked recordings. We also compare integrated information-a measure of intracortical communication thought to reflect the capacity for consciousness-associated with the network model in wakefulness and sleep. As predicted, higher information integration is found in wakefulness than in sleep for all five cases.

Indexed as

cross-validationevoked responseintegrated informationintracerebal EEGMVARX model

Identifiers

PMID23226122
PMCPMC3510687

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.