ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2013
A prospective study of socioeconomic status, prostate cancer screening and incidence among men at high risk for prostate cancer.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of tobacco use and prostate cancer mortality and incidence in prospective cohort studies.European urology · 2014Pooled it
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- Small cell prostate cancer: risks for metastatic disease.Frontiers in urology · 2026Article
- Cancer Incidence and Trends in Persistent Poverty Areas of California by Race/Ethnicity and Sex.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Association of height, BMI, and smoking status with prostate cancer risk before and after the introduction of PSA testing in Sweden.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Trends in stage-specific prostate cancer incidence by neighborhood socioeconomic status.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Causal associations between socioeconomic status and prostate cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- Association of neighborhood gentrification with prostate cancer and immune markers in African American and European American men.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- A flexible matching strategy for matched nested case-control studies.Annals of epidemiology · 2023Article
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- Neighbourhood social deprivation and risk of prostate cancer.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- The role of area-level socioeconomic disadvantage in racial disparities in cancer incidence in metropolitan Detroit.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Screening for prostate cancer: evidence, ongoing trials, policies and knowledge gaps.BMJ oncology · 2023Review
- Health Burdens and SES in Alabama: Using Geographic Information System to Examine Prostate Cancer Health Disparity.Cancers · 2022Article
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- Incidence and mortality trends of metastatic prostate cancer: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database analysis.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2021Article
- Association of Health-Care System With Prostate Cancer-Specific Mortality in African American and Non-Hispanic White Men.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2021Article
- Prostate specific antigen test uptake: a cross sectional study on elderly men in Western Iran.BMC geriatrics · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeHigher socioeconomic status (SES) men are at higher risk of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, an association commonly interpreted as a function of higher rates of prostate screening among higher SES men. However, the extent to which screening explains this association has not been well quantified.
methodsWithin a Detroit area cohort of 6,692 men followed up after a benign prostate procedure, a case-control study was conducted of 494 PCa cases and controls matched on age, race, duration of follow-up, and date of initial benign finding; 2000 Census data were used in a principal component analysis to derive a single factor, labeled the neighborhood SES index (NSESI), representing zip code-level SES.
resultsAmong cases, higher SES was associated with a younger age at initial biopsy: -1.48 years (95 % CI, -2.32, -0.64) per unit NSESI. After adjustment for confounders and duration of follow-up, higher SES was associated with more PSA tests and DRE during follow-up; 9 % (95 % CI, 2, 16) and 8 % (95 % CI, 1, 15) more respectively, per unit NSESI. Higher SES was associated with a higher risk of PCa diagnosis during follow-up, multivariable adjusted OR = 1.26 per unit increase in NSESI (95 % CI, 1.04, 1.49). Further adjustment for screening frequency somewhat reduced the association between SES and PCa risk (OR = 1.19 per unit NSESI, 95 % CI, 0.98, 1.44).
conclusionsDifferences in screening frequency only partially explained the association between higher zip code SES and PCa risk; other health care-related factors should also be considered as explanatory factors.
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