ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2013
Activation of epidermal toll-like receptor 2 enhances tight junction function: implications for atopic dermatitis and skin barrier repair.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis derived atopic dermatitis (MADAD) transcriptome defines a robust AD signature highlighting the involvement of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism pathways.BMC medical genomics · 2015Pooled it
- The human skin microbiome: from metagenomes to therapeutics.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- The role of skin barrier and immune abnormalities in the pathogenesis of Rosacea.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Catalytic Site Inhibitors of Group 1 Allergens Prevent Toll-like Receptor (TLR)4- and TLR1/2-Dependent Innate Responses in Keratinocytes and Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to House Dust Mite Allergenic Extract.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Microneedle-Mediated Transdermal Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Multiple Skin Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Engineered Tissue Models to Decode Host-Microbiota Interactions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Conversation between skin microbiota and the host: from early life to adulthood.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Cosmetically Applicable Soluble Agonists for Toll-like Receptor 2 Produced by Fermentation of Asparagus Extract Supplemented with Skimmed Milk UsingMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Study on the Skincare Effects of Red Rice Fermented byMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Unraveling the skin; a comprehensive review of atopic dermatitis, current understanding, and approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Skin benefits of postbiotics derived from Micrococcus luteus derived from human skin: an untapped potential for dermatological health.Genes & genomics · 2024Article
- Toll-like receptor signalling via IRAK4 affects epithelial integrity and tightness through regulation of junctional tension.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- The Skin Microbiome: Current Landscape and Future Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Role of Tight Junctions in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Toll-like receptors: their roles in pathomechanisms of atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Specific TLR-mediated HSP70 activation plays a potential role in host defense against the intestinal parasiteFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Calcium-Based Antimicrobial Peptide Compounds Attenuate DNFB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions via Th-Cells in BALB/c Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Type 2 Inflammation Contributes to Skin Barrier Dysfunction in Atopic Dermatitis.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2022Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by epidermal tight junction (TJ) defects and a propensity for Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. S. aureus is sensed by many pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). We hypothesized that an effective innate immune response will include skin barrier repair, and that this response is impaired in AD subjects. S. aureus-derived peptidoglycan (PGN) and synthetic TLR2 agonists enhanced TJ barrier and increased expression of TJ proteins, claudin-1 (CLDN1), claudin-23 (CLDN23), occludin, and Zonulae occludens 1 (ZO-1) in primary human keratinocytes. A TLR2 agonist enhanced skin barrier recovery in human epidermis wounded by tape stripping. Tlr2(-/-) mice had a delayed and incomplete barrier recovery following tape stripping. AD subjects had reduced epidermal TLR2 expression as compared with nonatopic subjects, which inversely correlated (r=-0.654, P=0.0004) with transepidermal water loss (TEWL). These observations indicate that TLR2 activation enhances skin barrier in murine and human skin and is an important part of a wound repair response. Reduced epidermal TLR2 expression observed in AD patients may have a role in their incompetent skin barrier.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.